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Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibodies against Omicron Variant in Vietnamese Healthcare Workers after Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1-S and Booster Immunization with BNT162b2

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2023-01, Vol.108 (1), p.137-144 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright Institute of Tropical Medicine Jan 2023 ;The author(s) 2023 ;ISSN: 0002-9637 ;EISSN: 1476-1645 ;DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0434 ;PMID: 36450229

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Title:
Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibodies against Omicron Variant in Vietnamese Healthcare Workers after Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1-S and Booster Immunization with BNT162b2
Author: Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh ; Nguyet, Lam Anh ; Dung, Nguyen Thanh ; Quang, Vo Minh ; Truong, Nguyen Thanh ; Toan, Le Mau ; Hung, Le Manh ; Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy ; Khoa, Dao Bach ; Phong, Nguyen Thanh ; Ngoc, Nghiem My ; Thao, Huynh Phuong ; Ty, Dinh Thi Bich ; Thanh, Pham Ba ; Ny, Nguyen Thi Han ; Thanh, Le Kim ; Thuy, Cao Thu ; Anh, Nguyen To ; Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu ; Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc ; Yen, Lam Minh ; Thwaites, Guy ; Thanh, Tran Tan ; Tan, Le Van
Subjects: Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; Breakthrough Infections ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunization, Secondary ; Infections ; Kinetics ; Medical personnel ; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Southeast Asian People ; Vaccination
Is Part Of: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2023-01, Vol.108 (1), p.137-144
Description: We studied the development and persistence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, and Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) variants in Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) up to 15 weeks after booster vaccination. We included 47 HCWs, including group 1 (G1, N = 21) and group 2 (G2; N = 26) without and with breakthrough Delta variant infection before booster immunization, respectively). The study participants had completed primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Neutralizing antibodies were measured using a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Of the 21 study participants in G1, neutralizing antibodies against ancestral strain, Delta variant, BA.1, and BA.2 were (almost) abolished at month 8 after the second dose, but all had detectable neutralizing antibodies to the study viruses at week 2 post booster dose. Of the 26 study participants in G2, neutralizing antibody levels to BA.1 and BA.2 were significantly higher than those to the corresponding viruses measured at week 2 post breakthrough infection and before the booster dose. At week 15 post booster vaccination, neutralizing antibodies to BA.1 and BA.2 dropped significantly, with more profound changes observed in those without breakthrough Delta variant infection. Booster vaccination enhanced neutralizing activities against ancestral strain and Delta variant compared with those induced by primary vaccination. These responses were maintained at high levels for at least 15 weeks. Our findings emphasize the importance of the first booster dose in producing cross-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant. A second booster to maintain long-term vaccine effectiveness against the currently circulating variants merits further research.
Publisher: United States: Institute of Tropical Medicine
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0002-9637
EISSN: 1476-1645
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0434
PMID: 36450229
Source: MEDLINE
PubMed Central
Alma/SFX Local Collection

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Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibodies against Omicron Variant in Vietnamese Healthcare Workers after Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1-S and Booster Immunization with BNT162b2

Copyright Institute of Tropical Medicine Jan 2023 ;The author(s) 2023 ;ISSN: 0002-9637 ;EISSN: 1476-1645 ;DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0434 ;PMID: 36450229

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