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Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the United Kingdom

Clinical and experimental immunology, 2022-01 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. 2022 ;ISSN: 0009-9104 ;EISSN: 1365-2249 ;DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac008 ;PMID: 35641155

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Title:
Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the United Kingdom
Author: Shields, Adrian M ; Anantharachagan, Ariharan ; Arumugakani, Gururaj ; Baker, Kenneth ; Bahal, Sameer ; Baxendale, Helen ; Bermingham, William ; Bhole, Malini ; Boules, Evon ; Bright, Philip ; Chopra, Charu ; Cliffe, Lucy ; Cleave, Betsy ; Dempster, John ; Devlin, Lisa ; Dhalla, Fatima ; Diwakar, Lavanya ; Drewe, Elizabeth ; Duncan, Christopher ; Dziadzio, Magdalena ; Elcombe, Suzanne ; Elkhalifa, Shuayb ; Gennery, Andrew ; Ghanta, Harichandrana ; Goddard, Sarah ; Grigoriadou, Sofia ; Hackett, Scott ; Hayman, Grant ; Herriot, Richard ; Herwadkar, Archana ; Huissoon, Aarnoud ; Jain, Rashmi ; Jolles, Stephen ; Johnston, Sarah ; Khan, Sujoy ; Laffan, James ; Lane, Peter ; Leeman, Lucy ; Lowe, David M ; Mahabir, Shanti ; Mac Lochlainn, Dylan James ; McDermott, Elizabeth ; Misbah, Siraj ; Moghaddas, Fiona ; Morsi, Hadeil ; Murng, Sai ; Noorani, Sadia ; O’Brien, Rachael ; Patel, Smita ; Price, Arthur ; Rahman, Tasneem ; Seneviratne, Suranjith ; Shrimpton, Anna ; Stroud, Catherine ; Thomas, Moira ; Townsend, Katie ; Vaitla, Prashantha ; Verma, Nisha ; Williams, Anthony ; Burns, Siobhan O ; Savic, Sinisa ; Richter, Alex G
Is Part Of: Clinical and experimental immunology, 2022-01
Description: In March 2020, the United Kingdom Primary Immunodeficiency Network (UKPIN) established a registry of cases to collate the outcomes of individuals with PID and SID following SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment. A total of 310 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with PID or SID have now been reported in the UK. The overall mortality within the cohort was 17.7% (n=55/310). Individuals with CVID demonstrated an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 18.3% (n=17/93), individuals with PID receiving IgRT had an IFR of 16.3% (n=26/159) and individuals with SID, an IFR of 27.2% (n=25/92). Individuals with PID and SID, had higher inpatient mortality and died at a younger age than the general population. Increasing age, low pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection lymphocyte count and the presence of common co-morbidities increased the risk of mortality in PID. Access to specific COVID-19 treatments in this cohort was limited: only 22.9% (n=33/144) of patients admitted to hospital received dexamethasone, remdesivir, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutic (e.g. REGN-COV2 or convalescent plasma) or tocilizumab as a monotherapy or in combination. Dexamethasone, remdesivir and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutics appeared efficacious in PID and SID. Compared to the general population, individuals with PID or SID are at high risk of mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increasing age, low baseline lymphocyte count and the presence of co-morbidities are additional risk factors for poor outcome in this cohort.
Publisher: US: Oxford University Press
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0009-9104
EISSN: 1365-2249
DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac008
PMID: 35641155
Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
PubMed Central

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Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the United Kingdom

The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. 2022 ;ISSN: 0009-9104 ;EISSN: 1365-2249 ;DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac008 ;PMID: 35641155

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