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Transcription Factors Activate Genes through the Phase-Separation Capacity of Their Activation Domains

Cell, 2018-12, Vol.175 (7), p.1842-1855.e16 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2018 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.042 ;PMID: 30449618

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Title:
Transcription Factors Activate Genes through the Phase-Separation Capacity of Their Activation Domains
Author: Boija, Ann ; Klein, Isaac A. ; Sabari, Benjamin R. ; Dall’Agnese, Alessandra ; Coffey, Eliot L. ; Zamudio, Alicia V. ; Li, Charles H. ; Shrinivas, Krishna ; Manteiga, John C. ; Hannett, Nancy M. ; Abraham, Brian J. ; Afeyan, Lena K. ; Guo, Yang E. ; Rimel, Jenna K. ; Fant, Charli B. ; Schuijers, Jurian ; Lee, Tong Ihn ; Taatjes, Dylan J. ; Young, Richard A.
Subjects: activation domain ; Animals ; gene activation ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; mediator ; Mice ; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology ; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 - genetics ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 - metabolism ; phase separation ; Protein Domains ; Receptors, Estrogen - genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism ; transcription ; transcription factor ; Transcriptional Activation - physiology
Is Part Of: Cell, 2018-12, Vol.175 (7), p.1842-1855.e16
Description: Gene expression is controlled by transcription factors (TFs) that consist of DNA-binding domains (DBDs) and activation domains (ADs). The DBDs have been well characterized, but little is known about the mechanisms by which ADs effect gene activation. Here, we report that diverse ADs form phase-separated condensates with the Mediator coactivator. For the OCT4 and GCN4 TFs, we show that the ability to form phase-separated droplets with Mediator in vitro and the ability to activate genes in vivo are dependent on the same amino acid residues. For the estrogen receptor (ER), a ligand-dependent activator, we show that estrogen enhances phase separation with Mediator, again linking phase separation with gene activation. These results suggest that diverse TFs can interact with Mediator through the phase-separating capacity of their ADs and that formation of condensates with Mediator is involved in gene activation. [Display omitted] •Transcription factors (TFs) form phase-separated condensates with Mediator•Phase separation of activation domains is a general property of TFs•Phase-separation capacity of TFs is associated with gene activation•TF condensates incorporate dynamic and structured interactions Activation domains from a diverse array of mammalian and yeast transcription factors form phase-separated condensates with Mediator to activate gene expression.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0092-8674
EISSN: 1097-4172
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.042
PMID: 30449618
Source: Cell Press Free Archives
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Transcription Factors Activate Genes through the Phase-Separation Capacity of Their Activation Domains

2018 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.042 ;PMID: 30449618

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