skip to main content
Guest
My Research
My Account
Sign out
Sign in
This feature requires javascript
Library Search
Find Databases
Browse Search
E-Journals A-Z
E-Books A-Z
Citation Linker
Help
Language:
English
Vietnamese
This feature required javascript
This feature requires javascript
Primo Search
All Library Resources
All
Course Materials
Course Materials
Search For:
Clear Search Box
Search in:
All Library Resources
Or hit Enter to replace search target
Or select another collection:
Search in:
All Library Resources
Search in:
Print Resources
Search in:
Digital Resources
Search in:
Online E-Resources
Advanced Search
Browse Search
This feature requires javascript
Search Limited to:
Search Limited to:
Resource type
criteria input
All items
Books
Articles
Images
Audio Visual
Maps
Graduate theses
Show Results with:
criteria input
that contain my query words
with my exact phrase
starts with
Show Results with:
Search type Index
criteria input
anywhere in the record
in the title
as author/creator
in subject
Full Text
ISBN
ISSN
TOC
Keyword
Field
Show Results with:
in the title
Show Results with:
anywhere in the record
in the title
as author/creator
in subject
Full Text
ISBN
ISSN
TOC
Keyword
Field
This feature requires javascript
The Creation of a Gunshot Residue (GSR) Databank for the Reliable Identification of Ammunition
The Author(s)
Digital Resources/Online E-Resources
Citations
Cited by
View Online
Details
Recommendations
Reviews
Times Cited
External Links
This feature requires javascript
Actions
Add to My Research
Remove from My Research
E-mail
Print
Permalink
Citation
EasyBib
EndNote
RefWorks
Delicious
Export RIS
Export BibTeX
This feature requires javascript
Title:
The Creation of a Gunshot Residue (GSR) Databank for the Reliable Identification of Ammunition
Author:
Knier, Sophie
Subjects:
ammunition databank
;
Forensic Science and Technology
;
Gunshot residue
;
heavy metals
;
ICP-OES
;
Inorganic profile
Description:
Gun violence is heavily prevalent in the United States with approximately 20,000 deaths and 36,000 injuries due to firearms in 2023. The differing political ideologies surrounding gun laws in the United States are reflected in the drastic variation of restrictions from state to state. States with weak gun laws like Mississippi and Wyoming have increased death rates due to firearms. Mississippi and Wyoming have death rates of 29.7 and 20.6 per 100,000 residents, respectively with the national average at 14.4. States like California and Massachusetts that have more strict gun laws have deaths of 8.7 and 3.7 per 100,000 residents, respectively. In cases that involve death or injury due to a firearm, one key piece of forensic evidence examined is gunshot residue (GSR). Current and past research involving GSRs typically focus on the shooter rather than the target material. This study seeks to investigate the development of a databank consisting of the inorganic GSR profiles of the most popular ammunition sold in the U.S. to aid in the identification of different ammunition. GSR patterns were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) to identify and quantify inorganic metals commonly found in varying ammunition types: more specifically targeting lead, barium, antimony, copper nickel, zinc. Five ammunition types were used for the qualitative identification of the inorganic metals: Remington UMC, PMC Bronze, Federal Guard Dog, Black Hills, and Hornady Critical Defense. The quantified heavy metal concentrations for each of the ammunition types along with the support of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that ammunition types can be differentiated based on the semi-quantitative inorganic GSR profile. Remington UMC and PMC Bronze ammunition had very similar inorganic GSR profiles, while Federal Guard Dog, Black Hills, and Hornady Critical Defense ammunition had differing, unique inorganic GSR profiles. However, further analysis of the organic components using an orthogonal method, such as chromatography, should be performed to confirm and support the results from the inorganic analysis.
Publisher:
VCU Scholars Compass
Creation Date:
2024
Language:
English
Source:
VCU Scholars Compass
This feature requires javascript
This feature requires javascript
Back to results list
This feature requires javascript
This feature requires javascript
Searching Remote Databases, Please Wait
Searching for
in
scope:(TDTS),scope:(SFX),scope:(TDT),scope:(SEN),primo_central_multiple_fe
Show me what you have so far
This feature requires javascript
This feature requires javascript