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Risk of stillbirth after a previous caesarean delivery: A Swedish nationwide cohort study

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2024-07, Vol.131 (8), p.1054 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2024 The Authors. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;ISSN: 1471-0528 ;EISSN: 1471-0528 ;DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17760 ;PMID: 38287170

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  • Title:
    Risk of stillbirth after a previous caesarean delivery: A Swedish nationwide cohort study
  • Author: Al Khalaf, Sukainah Y ; Heazell, Alexander E P ; Kublickas, Marius ; Kublickiene, Karolina ; Khashan, Ali S
  • Subjects: Adult ; Cesarean Section - adverse effects ; Cesarean Section - statistics & numerical data ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Odds Ratio ; Pregnancy ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Stillbirth - epidemiology ; Sweden - epidemiology ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean - adverse effects ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean - statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
  • Is Part Of: BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2024-07, Vol.131 (8), p.1054
  • Description: To investigate the risk of stillbirth in relation to (1) a previous caesarean delivery (CD) compared with those following a vaginal birth (VB); and (2) vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) compared with a repeat CD. Population-based cohort study. The Swedish Medical Birth registry. Women with their first and second singletons between 1982 and 2012. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between CD in the first pregnancy and stillbirth in the second pregnancy and the association between VBAC and stillbirth. Sub-group analyses were performed by types of CD and timing of stillbirth (antepartum and intrapartum). Stillbirth (antepartum and intrapartum fetal death). Of the 1 771 700 singleton births from 885 850 women, 117 114 (13.2%) women had a CD in the first pregnancy, and 51 755 had VBAC in the second pregnancy. We found a 37% increased odds of stillbirth (aOR 1.37; 95% CI 1.23-1.52) in women with a previous CD compared with VB. The odds of intrapartum stillbirth were higher in the previous pre-labour CD group (aOR 2.72; 95% CI 1.51-4.91) and in the previous in-labour CD group (aOR 1.35; 95% CI 0.76-2.40), although not statistically significant in the latter case. No increased odds were found for intrapartum stillbirth in women who had VBAC (aOR 0.99; 95% CI 0.48-2.06) compared with women who had a repeat CD. This study confirms that a CD is associated with an increased risk of subsequent stillbirth, with a greater risk among pre-labour CD. This association is not solely mediated by increases in intrapartum asphyxia, uterine rupture or attempted VBAC. Further research is needed to understand this association, but these findings might help healthcare providers to reach optimal decisions regarding mode of birth, particularly when CD is unnecessary.
  • Publisher: England
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1471-0528
    EISSN: 1471-0528
    DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17760
    PMID: 38287170
  • Source: SWEPUB Freely available online

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