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Effects of diesel exposure on lung function and inflammation biomarkers from airway and peripheral blood of healthy volunteers in a chamber study

Particle and fibre toxicology, 2013-12, Vol.10 (1), p.60-60 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2013 BioMed Central Ltd. ;2013 Xu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ;Copyright © 2013 Xu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013 Xu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. ;ISSN: 1743-8977 ;EISSN: 1743-8977 ;DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-60 ;PMID: 24321138

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Title:
Effects of diesel exposure on lung function and inflammation biomarkers from airway and peripheral blood of healthy volunteers in a chamber study
Author: Xu, Yiyi ; Barregard, Lars ; Nielsen, Jörn ; Gudmundsson, Anders ; Wierzbicka, Aneta ; Axmon, Anna ; Jönsson, Bo A G ; Kåredal, Monica ; Albin, Maria
Subjects: Adult ; Aged ; Air pollution ; Airway (Medicine) ; B cells ; Basic Medicine ; Biological markers ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers - blood ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Blood Cell Count ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Clinical Medicine ; Cytokines - immunology ; Cytokines - metabolism ; Diagnosis ; Diesel motor exhaust gas ; Disease ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Environmental health ; Farmakologi och toxikologi ; Female ; Health aspects ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inhalation Exposure - adverse effects ; Inhalation Exposure - analysis ; Klinisk medicin ; Lung - drug effects ; Lung - immunology ; Lung - metabolism ; Lungs ; Male ; Medical and Health Sciences ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Medicine ; Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Lavage Fluid - chemistry ; Nasal Lavage Fluid - immunology ; Noise ; Occupational safety ; Outdoor air quality ; Particulate Matter - chemistry ; Particulate Matter - toxicity ; Pharmacology and Toxicology ; Physiological aspects ; Proteins ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - blood ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - chemically induced ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - immunology ; Risk assessment ; Studies ; Sulfur content ; Time Factors ; Traffic congestion ; Vehicle Emissions - analysis ; Vehicle Emissions - toxicity
Is Part Of: Particle and fibre toxicology, 2013-12, Vol.10 (1), p.60-60
Description: Exposure to diesel exhaust causes inflammatory responses. Previous controlled exposure studies at a concentration of 300 μg/m(3) of diesel exhaust particles mainly lasted for 1 h. We prolonged the exposure period and investigated how quickly diesel exhaust can induce respiratory and systemic effects. Eighteen healthy volunteers were exposed twice to diluted diesel exhaust (PM1 ~300 μg/m(3)) and twice to filtered air (PM1 ~2 μg/m(3)) for 3 h, seated, in a chamber with a double-blind set-up. Immediately before and after exposure, we performed a medical examination, spirometry, rhinometry, nasal lavage and blood sampling. Nasal lavage and blood samples were collected again 20 h post-exposure. Symptom scores and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were assessed before exposure, and at 15, 75, and 135 min of exposure. Self-rated throat irritation was higher during diesel exhaust than filtered air exposure. Clinical signs of irritation in the upper airways were also significantly more common after diesel exhaust exposure (odds ratio = 3.2, p<0.01). PEF increased during filtered air, but decreased during diesel exhaust exposure, with a statistically significant difference at 75 min (+4 L/min vs. -10 L/min, p = 0.005). Monocyte and total leukocyte counts in peripheral blood were higher after exposure to diesel exhaust than filtered air 20 h post-exposure, and a trend (p = 0.07) towards increased serum IL-6 concentrations was also observed 20 h post-exposure. Diesel exhaust induced acute adverse effects such as symptoms and signs of irritation, decreased PEF, inflammatory markers in healthy volunteers. The effects were first seen at 75 min of exposure.
Publisher: England: BioMed Central Ltd
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1743-8977
EISSN: 1743-8977
DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-60
PMID: 24321138
Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
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Effects of diesel exposure on lung function and inflammation biomarkers from airway and peripheral blood of healthy volunteers in a chamber study

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