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Vegetarian, pescatarian and flexitarian diets: sociodemographic determinants and association with cardiovascular risk factors in a Swiss urban population

British journal of nutrition, 2020-10, Vol.124 (8), p.844-852 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2020 ;2020 This article is published under (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Authors 2020 2020 The Authors ;ISSN: 0007-1145 ;EISSN: 1475-2662 ;DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520001762 ;PMID: 32418548

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Title:
Vegetarian, pescatarian and flexitarian diets: sociodemographic determinants and association with cardiovascular risk factors in a Swiss urban population
Author: Wozniak, Hannah ; Larpin, Christophe ; de Mestral, Carlos ; Guessous, Idris ; Reny, Jean-Luc ; Stringhini, Silvia
Subjects: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers ; Blood pressure ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology ; Cholesterol ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dairy products ; Diabetes ; Diet ; Diet Surveys ; Diet, Vegetarian - methods ; Diet, Vegetarian - statistics & numerical data ; Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology ; Education ; Eggs - analysis ; Fasting ; Female ; Food intake ; Gender differences ; Glucose ; Health risks ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Income ; Male ; Meat ; Meat - analysis ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition research ; Omnivores ; Overweight ; Population ; Population studies ; Poultry ; Questionnaires ; Risk analysis ; Risk assessment ; Risk factors ; Seafood - analysis ; Sociodemographics ; Switzerland - epidemiology ; Trends ; Urban Population - statistics & numerical data ; Urban populations ; Vegetarian diet ; Vegetarianism ; Women ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: British journal of nutrition, 2020-10, Vol.124 (8), p.844-852
Description: Prevalence and trends of different vegetarian diets remain unknown, with estimates varying depending on the source. Evidence suggests that vegetarian diets are associated with a more favourable cardiovascular risk profile. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and trends of different types of vegetarian diets in a population-based representative sample, sociodemographic characteristics of participants following such diets and the association of these diets with cardiovascular risk factors. Using repeated cross-sectional population-based surveys conducted in Geneva, Switzerland, 10 797 individuals participated in the study between 2005 and 2017. Participants were classified as vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians or omnivores using an FFQ. Sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and blood tests. Findings show prevalence of vegetarians increased from 0·5 to 1·2 %, pescatarians from 0·3 to 1·1 % and flexitarians remained stable at 15·6 % of the population over the study period. Compared with omnivores, vegetarians were more likely to be young (OR 2·38; 95 % CI 1·01, 5·6), have higher education (OR 1·59; 95 % CI 1·01, 2·49) and lower income (OR 1·83; 95 % CI 1·04, 3·21); pescatarians and flexitarians were more likely to be women (pescatarian: OR 1·81; 95 % CI 1·10, 3·00; vegetarian: OR 1·57; 95 % CI 1·41, 1·75) and flexitarians were also more likely to have a lower income (OR 1·31; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·53). Participants who adhered to any diet excluding/reducing meat intake had lower BMI, total cholesterol and hypertension compared with omnivores. The present study shows an increase in the prevalence of vegetarians over a 13-year period and suggests that the different vegetarian diets assessed are associated with a better cardiovascular risk profile.
Publisher: Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0007-1145
EISSN: 1475-2662
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520001762
PMID: 32418548
Source: MEDLINE
Alma/SFX Local Collection
ProQuest Central

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Vegetarian, pescatarian and flexitarian diets: sociodemographic determinants and association with cardiovascular risk factors in a Swiss urban population

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