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Individual differences in trust evaluations are shaped mostly by environments, not genes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2020-05, Vol.117 (19), p.10218-10224 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. ;Copyright National Academy of Sciences May 12, 2020 ;Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. 2020 ;ISSN: 0027-8424 ;EISSN: 1091-6490 ;DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920131117 ;PMID: 32341163

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Title:
Individual differences in trust evaluations are shaped mostly by environments, not genes
Author: Sutherland, Clare A. M. ; Burton, Nichola S. ; Wilmer, Jeremy B. ; Blokland, Gabriëlla A. M. ; Germine, Laura ; Palermo, Romina ; Collova, Jemma R. ; Rhodes, Gillian
Subjects: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cognition ; Crime ; Environment ; Evaluation ; Face recognition ; Facial Expression ; Facial Recognition - physiology ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Impact prediction ; Individuality ; Judgment ; Judicial system ; Male ; Mate selection ; Middle Aged ; Pattern recognition ; Problem Solving ; Sensitivity analysis ; Social impact ; Social interactions ; Social Perception ; Social Sciences ; Trust - psychology ; Trustworthiness ; Twins ; Twins - genetics ; Variation ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2020-05, Vol.117 (19), p.10218-10224
Description: People evaluate a stranger’s trustworthiness from their facial features in a fraction of a second, despite common advice “not to judge a book by its cover.” Evaluations of trustworthiness have critical and widespread social impact, predicting financial lending, mate selection, and even criminal justice outcomes. Consequently, understanding how people perceive trustworthiness from faces has been a major focus of scientific inquiry, and detailed models explain how consensus impressions of trustworthiness are driven by facial attributes. However, facial impression models do not consider variation between observers. Here, we develop a sensitive test of trustworthiness evaluation and use it to document substantial, stable individual differences in trustworthiness impressions. Via a twin study, we show that these individual differences are largely shaped by variation in personal experience, rather than genes or shared environments. Finally, using multivariate twin modeling, we show that variation in trustworthiness evaluation is specific, dissociating from other key facial evaluations of dominance and attractiveness. Our finding that variation in facial trustworthiness evaluation is driven mostly by personal experience represents a rare example of a core social perceptual capacity being predominantly shaped by a person’s unique environment. Notably, it stands in sharp contrast to variation in facial recognition ability, which is driven mostly by genes. Our study provides insights into the development of the social brain, offers a different perspective on disagreement in trust in wider society, and motivates new research into the origins and potential malleability of face evaluation, a critical aspect of human social cognition.
Publisher: United States: National Academy of Sciences
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
EISSN: 1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920131117
PMID: 32341163
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central

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Individual differences in trust evaluations are shaped mostly by environments, not genes

Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. ;Copyright National Academy of Sciences May 12, 2020 ;Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. 2020 ;ISSN: 0027-8424 ;EISSN: 1091-6490 ;DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920131117 ;PMID: 32341163

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