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Preparation of conductive paper by in-situ polymerization of pyrrole in a pulp fibre system

Pulp & Paper Canada, 2006-02, Vol.107 (2), p.38-42

2008 INIST-CNRS ;Copyright Southam Business Communications, Inc. Feb 2006 ;ISSN: 0316-4004 ;EISSN: 1923-3515 ;CODEN: PPCADD

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  • Title:
    Preparation of conductive paper by in-situ polymerization of pyrrole in a pulp fibre system
  • Author: HUANG, B ; KANG, G. J ; NI, Y
  • Subjects: Applied sciences ; Cellulose ; Conductivity ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fibers ; Paper and paperboard manufacturing ; Paper, paperboard, non wovens ; Polymer industry, paints, wood ; Polymerization ; Pulp manufacturing ; Wood. Paper. Non wovens
  • Is Part Of: Pulp & Paper Canada, 2006-02, Vol.107 (2), p.38-42
  • Description: Observation: After the polymerization reaction was started by adding dopant and pyrrole, the fibre colour changed from yellow (the colour of FeCl^sub 3^ solution) to dark green and then black. For reaction performed at low fibre consistencies (1% or less), it took 10 to 20 minutes to observe significant colour change while it occurred almost instantaneously at medium consistency (-7.0% or -9.1%) conditions. After the treatment, fibres are generally of black colour, with possible difference in shade when obtained at different reaction conditions and even among fibres treated in the same batch. The latter case is most likely to occur at MC conditions. The FT-IR ATR spectra of such treated fibres confirmed the presence of doped polypyrrole on pulp fibres. The in-situ polymerized polypyrrole has good adhesion to fibres, and it can even survive a 1,000-revolution PFI refining (refining consistency: 2.4%). In all cases, fresh filtrates from reaction suspension and washing operations were fairly clean. Resistivity is strongly dependant on the oxidant-to-monomer ratio of the reaction system, with a minimum achieved of around 3, Fig. 2 (i). The reason lies in the fact that this ratio stoichiometrically determines the conversion of monomers to doped polymers, and thus the yield of conductive polymer on fibres, as indicated by the corresponding elemental analysis results in Fig. 2(iii). In other words, the strong dependence of resistivity on this ratio was actually a dependence on the polymer retention. As the polymerization reaction follows a step-growth mechanism, it requires two Fe^sup +3^ for every repeating unit (pyrrole ring) for chain formation and additional one Fe^sup +3^ for every three repeating unit for further chain oxidation (doping) [7, 12, 13]. The slight increase in resistivity at FeCl^sub 3^-to-pyrrole ratio of 4 might be due to the over-oxidation of polypyrrole. It should be pointed out that, in the current study, the over-all paper conductivity relies upon not only the conductivity of polypyrrole but also the polymer content in the material. However, the improvements in conductivity through reducing side reactions (e.g. by lowering the oxidant to monomer ratio) are much smaller compared to the changes caused by polypyrrole retentions. In this study, pulp fibres were functionalized with polypyrrole via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole. The formed polypyrrole deposition has good adhesion to fibres. Optimized reaction and processing conditions were determined. Conductivity as high as 3.2 × 10^sup -2^ S/cm was achieved with pyrrole dosage of only 0.06 g per gram of BCTMP fibres and a 5- minute reaction time at 25°C, with almost all the pyrrole and nearly 50% of the dopant retained. It was found that the conductive polypyrrole was not only restricted to the fibre surface, but a significant amount of pyrrole monomers (oligomers) diffused into the fibre wall and polymerized into the outer layers of the fibre structures.
  • Publisher: Don Mills, ON: Southam
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0316-4004
    EISSN: 1923-3515
    CODEN: PPCADD
  • Source: ProQuest Central
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