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Gender effects in pain detection: Speed and accuracy in decoding female and male pain expressions

European journal of pain, 2011-10, Vol.15 (9), p.985.e1-985.e11 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters ;2011 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters ;2011 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain ;Copyright © 2011 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 1090-3801 ;EISSN: 1532-2149 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.02.006 ;PMID: 21435925

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  • Title:
    Gender effects in pain detection: Speed and accuracy in decoding female and male pain expressions
  • Author: Riva, Paolo ; Sacchi, Simona ; Montali, Lorenzo ; Frigerio, Alessandra
  • Subjects: Adult ; Anesthesia & Perioperative Care ; Emotional expressions ; Emotions ; Face perception ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Gender differences ; Humans ; Implicit measures ; Judgment ; Male ; Pain - psychology ; Pain expressions ; Pain Medicine ; Reaction Time ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Sex Factors ; Social Perception
  • Is Part Of: European journal of pain, 2011-10, Vol.15 (9), p.985.e1-985.e11
  • Description: Abstract The ability to detect facial expressions of pain is crucial in eliciting prosocial behaviors towards the individual experiencing pain. Previous studies have shown that the sufferers’ gender can affect the observers’ explicit judgment of the pain face, thus suggesting its possible influence on pain decoding. The present study investigates whether the sufferer’s gender affects the observer’s reflexive or implicit detection of facial expression of pain. More specifically, we used implicit measures to test whether observers detect pained expression more quickly or accurately on male or female faces. In three experimental studies, we devised a set of stimuli using computer-generated faces. In Experiment 1, prototypical female and male avatars with different facial expressions (pain, anger, disgust, and neutral) were displayed, while subjects’ ( N = 34) accuracy and speed at identifying the expressions were recorded. In Experiment 2, participants ( N = 56) watched videos of the avatars displaying dynamic expressions and had to quickly and accurately identify each expression. In Experiment 3, participants ( N = 38) were shown an androgynous avatar face showing different expressions and were asked to identify the face as either female or male. Overall, we found that the target’s gender affected the observer’s reflexive decoding of the facial expression of pain. Specifically, the results showed that participants, regardless of their gender, were slower and less accurate in recognizing pain expressions (but not other expressions) on female faces. Furthermore, androgynous faces displaying pained expressions were more likely to be categorized as male than female. Several potential explanations are discussed.
  • Publisher: Oxford, UK: Elsevier Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1090-3801
    EISSN: 1532-2149
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.02.006
    PMID: 21435925
  • Source: MEDLINE
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
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