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Scientific evidence of diets for weight loss: Different macronutrient composition, intermittent fasting, and popular diets

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2020-01, Vol.69, p.110549-110549, Article 110549 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;2019. Elsevier Inc. ;ISSN: 0899-9007 ;EISSN: 1873-1244 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.07.001 ;PMID: 31525701

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Title:
Scientific evidence of diets for weight loss: Different macronutrient composition, intermittent fasting, and popular diets
Author: Freire, Rachel
Subjects: Animal models ; Blood pressure ; Body composition ; Body composition (biology) ; Body fat ; Body weight ; Body weight loss ; Carbohydrates ; Clinical trials ; Diet ; Diet Fads ; Diet, Reducing - methods ; Drug therapy ; Energy ; Energy balance ; Energy Intake ; Energy Metabolism ; Fasting ; Food ; Food quality ; Gastrointestinal surgery ; Gene expression ; Health care ; Health promotion ; High carbohydrate diet ; High protein diet ; Humans ; Insulin resistance ; Low carbohydrate diet ; Low protein diet ; Macronutrient ; Metabolism ; Mortality ; Nutrient deficiency ; Nutrients - analysis ; Obesity ; Obesity - diet therapy ; Overweight - diet therapy ; Popular diets ; Proteins ; Ramadan ; Vegetarianism ; Weight control ; Weight Loss
Is Part Of: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2020-01, Vol.69, p.110549-110549, Article 110549
Description: •Several popular diets for weight loss are not supported by scientific evidence.•To date, no optimally effective weight loss diet exists for all individuals.•Food quality matters in a weight loss diet aiming to promote health.•To lose weight, it is fundamental to adopt a diet that creates negative energy balance.•Adherence is an important predictor of success. New dietary strategies have been created to treat overweight and obesity and have become popular and widely adopted. Nonetheless, they are mainly based on personal impressions and reports published in books and magazines, rather than on scientific evidence. Animal models and human clinical trials have been employed to study changes in body composition and metabolic outcomes to determine the most effective diet. However, the studies present many limitations and should be carefully analyzed. The aim of this review was to discuss the scientific evidence of three categories of diets for weight loss. There is no one most effective diet to promote weight loss. In the short term, high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets and intermittent fasting are suggested to promote greater weight loss and could be adopted as a jumpstart. However, owing to adverse effects, caution is required. In the long term, current evidence indicates that different diets promoted similar weight loss and adherence to diets will predict their success. Finally, it is fundamental to adopt a diet that creates a negative energy balance and focuses on good food quality to promote health.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0899-9007
EISSN: 1873-1244
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.07.001
PMID: 31525701
Source: MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Scientific evidence of diets for weight loss: Different macronutrient composition, intermittent fasting, and popular diets

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;2019. Elsevier Inc. ;ISSN: 0899-9007 ;EISSN: 1873-1244 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.07.001 ;PMID: 31525701

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