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When do natural language metaphors influence reasoning? A follow-up study to Thibodeau and Boroditsky (2013)

PloS one, 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e113536-e113536 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science ;2014 Steen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2014 Steen et al 2014 Steen et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113536 ;PMID: 25490704

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  • Title:
    When do natural language metaphors influence reasoning? A follow-up study to Thibodeau and Boroditsky (2013)
  • Author: Steen, Gerard J ; Reijnierse, W Gudrun ; Burgers, Christian
  • von Hecker, Ulrich
  • Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; AIDS ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Boundary conditions ; Communication ; Crime ; Election results ; Enforcement ; Experiments ; Exposure ; Female ; Framing ; HIV ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Influence ; Language ; Local elections ; Male ; Memory ; Metaphor ; Metaphors ; Neighborhoods ; Preferences ; Problem Solving ; Readers ; Reading ; Reasoning ; Social Sciences ; Viruses
  • Is Part Of: PloS one, 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e113536-e113536
  • Description: In this article, we offer a critical view of Thibodeau and Boroditsky who report an effect of metaphorical framing on readers' preference for political measures after exposure to a short text on the increase of crime in a fictitious town: when crime was metaphorically presented as a beast, readers became more enforcement-oriented than when crime was metaphorically framed as a virus. We argue that the design of the study has left room for alternative explanations. We report four experiments comprising a follow-up study, remedying several shortcomings in the original design while collecting more encompassing sets of data. Our experiments include three additions to the original studies: (1) a non-metaphorical control condition, which is contrasted to the two metaphorical framing conditions used by Thibodeau and Boroditsky, (2) text versions that do not have the other, potentially supporting metaphors of the original stimulus texts, (3) a pre-exposure measure of political preference (Experiments 1-2). We do not find a metaphorical framing effect but instead show that there is another process at play across the board which presumably has to do with simple exposure to textual information. Reading about crime increases people's preference for enforcement irrespective of metaphorical frame or metaphorical support of the frame. These findings suggest the existence of boundary conditions under which metaphors can have differential effects on reasoning. Thus, our four experiments provide converging evidence raising questions about when metaphors do and do not influence reasoning.
  • Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
    EISSN: 1932-6203
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113536
    PMID: 25490704
  • Source: PLoS (Open access)
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
    GFMER Free Medical Journals
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    ProQuest Central
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