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Tricin‐lignins: occurrence and quantitation of tricin in relation to phylogeny

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2016-12, Vol.88 (6), p.1046-1057 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2016 The Authors. published by Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;2016 The Authors. The Plant Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and the Society for Experimental Biology ;ISSN: 0960-7412 ;EISSN: 1365-313X ;DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13315 ;PMID: 27553717

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Title:
Tricin‐lignins: occurrence and quantitation of tricin in relation to phylogeny
Author: Lan, Wu ; Rencoret, Jorge ; Lu, Fachuang ; Karlen, Steven D. ; Smith, Bronwen G. ; Harris, Philip J. ; Río, José Carlos ; Ralph, John
Subjects: acidolysis ; Alfalfa ; Arecaceae ; Arecales ; Aromatic compounds ; BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ; Biodegradation ; Botany ; Bromeliaceae ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Degradation ; derivatization followed by reductive cleavage ; Fabaceae ; Flavonoids - metabolism ; Lignin ; Lignin - metabolism ; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Medicago sativa ; multiple reaction monitoring ; Nucleation ; Orchidaceae ; Orchidales ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Poaceae ; Poaceae - classification ; Poaceae - metabolism ; Poales ; Quantitation ; stable isotopically labeled internal standard ; thioacidolysis ; tricin-d6
Is Part Of: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2016-12, Vol.88 (6), p.1046-1057
Description: Summary Tricin [5,7‐dihydroxy‐2‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one], a flavone, was recently established as an authentic monomer in grass lignification that likely functions as a nucleation site. It is linked onto lignin as an aryl alkyl ether by radical coupling with monolignols or their acylated analogs. However, the level of tricin that incorporates into lignin remains unclear. Herein, three lignin characterization methods: acidolysis; thioacidolysis; and derivatization followed by reductive cleavage; were applied to quantitatively assess the amount of lignin‐integrated tricin. Their efficiencies at cleaving the tricin‐(4′–O–β)‐ether bonds and the degradation of tricin under the corresponding reaction conditions were evaluated. A hexadeuterated tricin analog was synthesized as an internal standard for accurate quantitation purposes. Thioacidolysis proved to be the most efficient method, liberating more than 91% of the tricin with little degradation. A survey of different seed‐plant species for the occurrence and content of tricin showed that it is widely distributed in the lignin from species in the family Poaceae (order Poales). Tricin occurs at low levels in some commelinid monocotyledon families outside the Poaceae, such as the Arecaceae (the palms, order Arecales) and Bromeliaceae (Poales), and the non‐commelinid monocotyledon family Orchidaceae (Orchidales). One eudicotyledon was found to have tricin (Medicago sativa, Fabaceae). The content of lignin‐integrated tricin is much higher than the extractable tricin level in all cases. Lignins, including waste lignin streams from biomass processing, could therefore provide a large and alternative source of this valuable flavone, reducing the costs, and encouraging studies into its application beyond its current roles. Significance Statement Tricin, a flavone with human health benefits, is covalently linked to lignin in monocots. Here we developed a chemical degradative method to quantify lignin‐integrated tricin. If methods to economically cleave tricin from lignin are developed, waste lignin streams from biomass processing could be used as an alternative source of tricin.
Publisher: England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0960-7412
EISSN: 1365-313X
DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13315
PMID: 27553717
Source: IngentaConnect Free/Open Access Journals
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Tricin‐lignins: occurrence and quantitation of tricin in relation to phylogeny

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