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The health effects of ultrafine particles

Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 2020, 52(0), , pp.1-7 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2020 ;ISSN: 1226-3613 ;EISSN: 2092-6413 ;DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0403-3 ;PMID: 32203102

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  • Title:
    The health effects of ultrafine particles
  • Author: Schraufnagel, Dean E
  • Subjects: Air pollution ; Asthma ; Autonomic nervous system ; Birth weight ; Burning ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cooking ; Coronary artery disease ; Cough ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Fever ; Fumes ; Health risk assessment ; Heart diseases ; Inflammation ; International standards ; Intrauterine exposure ; Ischemia ; Long-term effects ; Lung diseases ; Lungs ; Nanoparticles ; Nerves ; Occupational exposure ; Physical characteristics ; Pollutants ; Population studies ; Review ; Toxicity ; 생화학
  • Is Part Of: Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 2020, 52(0), , pp.1-7
  • Description: Ultrafine particles (PM ), which are present in the air in large numbers, pose a health risk. They generally enter the body through the lungs but translocate to essentially all organs. Compared to fine particles (PM ), they cause more pulmonary inflammation and are retained longer in the lung. Their toxicity is increased with smaller size, larger surface area, adsorbed surface material, and the physical characteristics of the particles. Exposure to PM induces cough and worsens asthma. Metal fume fever is a systemic disease of lung inflammation most likely caused by PM . The disease is manifested by systemic symptoms hours after exposure to metal fumes, usually through welding. PM cause systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulation changes that predispose individuals to ischemic cardiovascular disease and hypertension. PM are also linked to diabetes and cancer. PM can travel up the olfactory nerves to the brain and cause cerebral and autonomic dysfunction. Moreover, in utero exposure increases the risk of low birthweight. Although exposure is commonly attributed to traffic exhaust, monitored students in Ghana showed the highest exposures in a home near a trash burning site, in a bedroom with burning coils employed to abate mosquitos, in a home of an adult smoker, and in home kitchens during domestic cooking. The high point-source production and rapid redistribution make incidental exposure common, confound general population studies and are compounded by the lack of global standards and national reporting. The potential for PM to cause harm to health is great, but their precise role in many illnesses is still unknown and calls for more research.
  • Publisher: United States: Springer Nature B.V
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1226-3613
    EISSN: 2092-6413
    DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0403-3
    PMID: 32203102
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    PubMed Central
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
    Nature Free
    KoreaMed Open Access
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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