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Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer

Medical sciences (Basel), 2020-03, Vol.8 (1), p.15 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2020 MDPI AG ;2020 by the authors. 2020 ;ISSN: 2076-3271 ;EISSN: 2076-3271 ;DOI: 10.3390/medsci8010015 ;PMID: 32183076

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  • Title:
    Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer
  • Author: Saginala, Kalyan ; Barsouk, Adam ; Aluru, John Sukumar ; Rawla, Prashanth ; Padala, Sandeep Anand ; Barsouk, Alexander
  • Subjects: Bladder cancer ; Diagnosis ; Distribution ; epidemiology ; incidence ; mortality ; prevalence ; Prevention ; Review ; risk factors
  • Is Part Of: Medical sciences (Basel), 2020-03, Vol.8 (1), p.15
  • Description: Based on the latest GLOBOCAN data, bladder cancer accounts for 3% of global cancer diagnoses and is especially prevalent in the developed world. In the United States, bladder cancer is the sixth most incident neoplasm. A total of 90% of bladder cancer diagnoses are made in those 55 years of age and older, and the disease is four times more common in men than women. While the average 5-year survival in the US is 77%, the 5-year survival for those with metastatic disease is a measly 5%. The strongest risk factor for bladder cancer is tobacco smoking, which accounts for 50-65% of all cases. Occupational or environmental toxins likewise greatly contribute to disease burden (accounting for an estimated 20% of all cases), though the precise proportion can be obscured by the fact bladder cancer develops decades after exposure, even if the exposure only lasted several years. Schistosomiasis infection is the common cause of bladder cancer in regions of Africa and the Middle East and is considered the second most onerous tropical pathogen after malaria. With 81% of cases attributable to known risk factors (and only 7% to heritable mutations), bladder cancer is a prime candidate for prevention strategies. Smoking cessation, workplace safety practices, weight loss, exercise and schistosomiasis prevention (via water disinfection and mass drug administration) have all been shown to significantly decrease the risk of bladder cancer, which poses a growing burden around the world.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2076-3271
    EISSN: 2076-3271
    DOI: 10.3390/medsci8010015
    PMID: 32183076
  • Source: PubMed Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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