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Psychological well-being as part of the public health debate? Insight into dimensions, interventions, and policy

BMC public health, 2019-12, Vol.19 (1), p.1712-11, Article 1712 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2019 BioMed Central Ltd. ;2019. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s). 2019 ;ISSN: 1471-2458 ;EISSN: 1471-2458 ;DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8029-x ;PMID: 31856772

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  • Title:
    Psychological well-being as part of the public health debate? Insight into dimensions, interventions, and policy
  • Author: Trudel-Fitzgerald, Claudia ; Millstein, Rachel A ; von Hippel, Christiana ; Howe, Chanelle J ; Tomasso, Linda Powers ; Wagner, Gregory R ; VanderWeele, Tyler J
  • Subjects: Anxieties ; Chronic illnesses ; Debate ; Epidemiology ; Health ; Health care ; Health policy ; Health Promotion ; Health risks ; Humans ; Life satisfaction ; Mastery ; Mental Health ; Mortality ; Optimism ; Personal development ; Policy ; Positive affect ; Psychological aspects ; Psychological factors ; Psychology ; Public Health ; Public health movements ; Purpose in life ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Retirement benefits ; Studies ; United Kingdom ; Womens health
  • Is Part Of: BMC public health, 2019-12, Vol.19 (1), p.1712-11, Article 1712
  • Description: Increasing evidence suggests that psychological well-being (PWB) is associated with lower disease and mortality risk, and may be enhanced with relatively low-cost interventions. Yet, dissemination of these interventions remains limited, in part because insufficient attention has been paid to distinct PWB dimensions, which may impact physical health outcomes differently. This essay first reviews the empirical evidence regarding differential relationships between all-cause mortality and multiple dimensions of PWB (e.g., life purpose, mastery, positive affect, life satisfaction, optimism). Then, individual-level positive psychology interventions aimed at increasing PWB and tested in randomized-controlled trials are reviewed as these allow for easy implementation and potentially broad outreach to improve population well-being, in concert with efforts targeting other established social determinants of health. Several PWB dimensions relate to mortality, with varying strength of evidence. Many of positive psychology trials indicate small-to-moderate improvements in PWB; rigorous institution-level interventions are comparatively few, but preliminary results suggest benefits as well. Examples of existing health policies geared towards the improvement of population well-being are also presented. Future avenues of well-being epidemiological and intervention research, as well as policy implications, are discussed. Although research in the fields of behavioral and psychosomatic medicine, as well as health psychology have substantially contributed to the science of PWB, this body of work has been somewhat overlooked by the public health community. Yet, the growing interest in documenting well-being, in addition to examining its determinants and consequences at a population level may provoke a shift in perspective. To cultivate optimal well-being-mental, physical, social, and spiritual-consideration of a broader set of well-being measures, rigorous studies, and interventions that can be disseminated is critically needed.
  • Publisher: England: BioMed Central Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1471-2458
    EISSN: 1471-2458
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8029-x
    PMID: 31856772
  • Source: PubMed Central (Open access)
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