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Direct 3D Printing of Clear Orthodontic Aligners: Current State and Future Possibilities

Materials, 2021-04, Vol.14 (7), p.1799 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2021 by the authors. 2021 ;ISSN: 1996-1944 ;EISSN: 1996-1944 ;DOI: 10.3390/ma14071799 ;PMID: 33916462

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  • Title:
    Direct 3D Printing of Clear Orthodontic Aligners: Current State and Future Possibilities
  • Author: Tartaglia, Gianluca M ; Mapelli, Andrea ; Maspero, Cinzia ; Santaniello, Tommaso ; Serafin, Marco ; Farronato, Marco ; Caprioglio, Alberto
  • Subjects: 3-D printers ; 3D printing ; clear aligners ; Control methods ; Dental materials ; dental printing resin ; Dentistry ; In vivo methods and tests ; Load resistance ; malocclusion ; Mechanical properties ; narrative review ; New technology ; Oral hygiene ; Orthodontics ; Patients ; Polyethylene terephthalate ; Review ; Stability ; Stainless steel ; Teeth ; Thermoforming ; Three dimensional printing ; Waste materials ; Wire
  • Is Part Of: Materials, 2021-04, Vol.14 (7), p.1799
  • Description: The recent introduction of three-dimensional (3D) printing is revolutionizing dentistry and is even being applied to orthodontic treatment of malocclusion. Clear, personalized, removable aligners are a suitable alternative to conventional orthodontic appliances, offering a more comfortable and efficient solution for patients. Including improved oral hygiene and aesthetics during treatment. Contemporarily, clear aligners are produced by a thermoforming process using various types of thermoplastic materials. The thermoforming procedure alters the properties of the material, and the intraoral environment further modifies the properties of a clear aligner, affecting overall performance of the material. Direct 3D printing offers the creation of highly precise clear aligners with soft edges, digitally designed and identically reproduced for an entire set of treatment aligners; offering a better fit, higher efficacy, and reproducibility. Despite the known benefits of 3D printing and the popularity of its dental applications, very limited technical and clinical data are available in the literature about directly printed clear aligners. The present article discusses the advantages of 3D printed aligners in comparison to thermoformed ones, describes the current state of the art, including a discussion of the possible road blocks that exist such as a current lack of approved and marketed materials and limited existence of aligner specific software. The present review suggests the suitability of 3D direct printed aligners is superior to that of thermoformed manufactured aligners because of the prior's increased accuracy, load resistance, and lower deformation. It is an overall more stable way to produce an aligner where submillimeter movements can make a difference in treatment outcome. Direct 3D printing represents a complex method to control the thickness of the aligner and therefore has a better ability to control the force vectors that are used to produce tooth movement. There is currently no other approved material on the market that can do this. The conclusion of this article is that we encourage further in vitro and in vivo studies to test these new technologies and materials.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1996-1944
    EISSN: 1996-1944
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14071799
    PMID: 33916462
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    PubMed Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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