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Post COVID-19 syndrome associated with orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome, small fiber neuropathy and benefit of immunotherapy: a case report

eNeurologicalSci, 2020-12, Vol.21, p.100276, Article 100276 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2020 ;2020 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. 2020 ;ISSN: 2405-6502 ;EISSN: 2405-6502 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100276 ;PMID: 32984564

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  • Title:
    Post COVID-19 syndrome associated with orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome, small fiber neuropathy and benefit of immunotherapy: a case report
  • Author: Novak, Peter
  • Subjects: Case Report
  • Is Part Of: eNeurologicalSci, 2020-12, Vol.21, p.100276, Article 100276
  • Description: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel highly contagious infectious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV2. The virus affects the human respiratory and other systems, and presents mostly as acute respiratory syndrome with fever, fatigue, dry cough, myalgia and dyspnea. The clinical manifestations vary from no symptoms to multiple organ failure. Majority of patients fully recover. Several postinfectious presumably autoimmune complications of COVID-19 affecting the brain or peripheral large nerve fibers have been reported. This report describes a post COVID-19 patient who developed chronic fatigue, orthostatic dizziness and brain fog consistent with orthostatic hypoperfusion syndrome (OCHOS), a form of orthostatic intolerance, and painful small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Initially, the patient was diagnosed with. OCHOS (detected by the tilt test with transcranial Doppler monitoring) and SFN (confirmed by skin biopsy), and both OCHOS/SFN were attributed to Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome of presumed autoimmune etiology. Patient recovered on symptomatic therapy. COVID-19 triggered exacerbation of OCHOS/SFN responded to immunotherapy with intravenous immunoglobulins. This case suggests that post COVID-19 syndrome may present as an autoimmune OCHOS/SFN and that early immunotherapy may be effective. Further studies are necessary to confirm the link between OCHOS/SFN and COVID-19 disease as well as to confirm the benefit of immunotherapy. •Post COVID-19 syndrome is associated with fatigue, brain fog and pain.•Orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome (OCHOS) can be responsible for fatigue and brain fog in post COVID-19 syndrome.•Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) can be responsible for pain in post COVID-19 syndrome.•OCHOS and SFN in post COVID-19 syndrome may have autoimmune basis and early immunotherapy with intravenous immunoglobulins may be effective.
  • Publisher: Elsevier B.V
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2405-6502
    EISSN: 2405-6502
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100276
    PMID: 32984564
  • Source: PubMed Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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