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Pattern of oncologic emergencies seen in adult cancer patients attending the Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria - Nigeria

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2012, Vol.19 (4), p.208-214 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

ISSN: 1117-1936 ;EISSN: 2468-6875 ;DOI: 10.4103/1117-1936.169540 ;PMID: 23385675

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Title:
Pattern of oncologic emergencies seen in adult cancer patients attending the Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria - Nigeria
Author: Adewuyi, S A ; Ajekigbe, A T ; Campbell, O B ; Mbibu, N H ; Oguntayo, A O ; Kolawole, A O D ; Usman, A ; Samaila, M O A ; Shehu, S M
Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury - epidemiology ; Acute Kidney Injury - etiology ; Acute Kidney Injury - therapy ; Adult ; Breast Neoplasms - complications ; Breast Neoplasms - therapy ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - therapy ; Chemoradiotherapy - methods ; Chemoradiotherapy - statistics & numerical data ; Drug Therapy - methods ; Drug Therapy - statistics & numerical data ; Emergencies - classification ; Emergencies - epidemiology ; Emergency Treatment - methods ; Emergency Treatment - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Hemorrhage - epidemiology ; Hemorrhage - etiology ; Hemorrhage - therapy ; Humans ; late presentation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nigeria - epidemiology ; oncologic emergencies ; Oncology Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data ; Prostatic Neoplasms - complications ; Prostatic Neoplasms - therapy ; Radioisotope Teletherapy - methods ; Radioisotope Teletherapy - statistics & numerical data ; radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Operative - methods ; Surgical Procedures, Operative - statistics & numerical data ; tumour haemorrhage ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - complications ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - therapy
Is Part Of: The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2012, Vol.19 (4), p.208-214
Description: To evaluate the Pattern of Oncologic Emergencies seen in Adult cancer patients and the treatment modalities used. Between January 2004 and December 2008, a total of 1824 (M:F = 1:1.8) new patients were seen. 196 (M:F = 1:1.4) consecutive patients with histologically confirmed malignancies presenting with or having oncologic emergencies were treated and have been reviewed. Patients' folders were reviewed retrospectively with a structured pro forma. Results were analysed using Epi Info soft ware Version 3.4.1; 2007 Edition. The median age was 49 years and mean age of 42 years (range, 15 - 82 years). M: F = 1:1.4. 162 patients had oncologic emergencies at presentation while 21 during treatments and 13 during follow up. At the time of diagnosis of oncologic emergency, 126 were not on any treatment, 42 patients on hormonal therapy and 28 patients were on diverse chemotherapy. All the patients presented late with 108 patients presenting with metastatic disease and 88 patients with locally advanced disease. Only 35 patients were treated within 1 week of onset of emergency. 59 patients had cervical cancer, 31 patients with breast cancer and 28 patients with prostate cancer. Tumour haemorrhage wass the commonest oncologic emergency seen in 107 patients followed by bone pain with imminent cord compression from bone metastases in 59 patients. Of 107 patients with tumour haemorrhage, 54 patients had cardiovascular collapse with 7 having acute renal failure. Similarly, of the 107 with tumour haemorrhage, 56 patients bled from cervical cancer, 12 patients from breast cancer and 8 patients from urinary bladder. 129 patients were treated with teletherapy, 31 patients had chemotherapy, 27 patients had emergency surgery and 5 patients had chemoradiation. Oncologic emergencies were corrected in 126 patients. Tumour haemorrhage is the commonest oncologic emergency in this environment and teletherapy is the commonest therapy used. More radiotherapy centres are needed for prompt treatment and their usefulness in managing emergencies should be made known. Oncologic emergencies are commonly seen in metastatic and locally advanced disease.
Publisher: Nigeria: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1117-1936
EISSN: 2468-6875
DOI: 10.4103/1117-1936.169540
PMID: 23385675
Source: MEDLINE
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Pattern of oncologic emergencies seen in adult cancer patients attending the Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria - Nigeria

ISSN: 1117-1936 ;EISSN: 2468-6875 ;DOI: 10.4103/1117-1936.169540 ;PMID: 23385675

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