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Thermal Contraction Cracks in an Arctic Tundra Environment
Arctic, 1972-01, Vol.25 (2), p.142-150
[Peer Reviewed Journal]
Copyright 1972 Arctic Institute of North America ;ISSN: 0004-0843 ;EISSN: 1923-1245 ;DOI: 10.14430/arctic2953
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Title:
Thermal Contraction Cracks in an Arctic Tundra Environment
Author:
Kerfoot, Denis E.
Subjects:
Bodies of water
;
Frost
;
Ice
;
Mineral soils
;
Organic soils
;
Periglacial landforms
;
Polygons
;
Silty soils
;
Thermal stress
;
Tundras
Is Part Of:
Arctic, 1972-01, Vol.25 (2), p.142-150
Description:
Field observations in the Mackenzie Delta area largely substantiate Lachenbruch's theoretical considerations of thermal contraction crack development. Frost crack patterns, representing the incipient stage of tundra polygons, were observed on both bare and vegetated surfaces of low alluvial flats and sandspits of three islands. Individual polygons, where developed, ranged in size from 20 to 30 metres diameter on bare surfaces to 2 to 3 metres on sedge-covered areas, and 80 per cent of the angular intersections measured were of the orthogonal type. Most cracks exhibited random orientations, except in close proximity to water bodies where tendencies toward normal and subparallel orientations occurred. /// Des observations sur le terrain, dans la région du delta du Mackenzie, appuient largement les considérations théoriques de Lachenbruch sur le développement des fentes de contraction thermique. Des figurés de fentes de gel, représentant le stade initial de polygones de toundra, ont été observés à la fois sur des surfaces nues et sur des surfaces recouvertes de végétation, sur des alluvions et des flèches sableuses de trois îles. Les polygones individuellement développés mesurent de 20 à 30 mètres de diamètre sur les surfaces nues, et de 2 à 3 mètres sur les surfaces peuplées de laîches; 80 pour cent des intersections angulaires mesurées sont de type orthogonal. La plupart des fentes sont orientées au hasard, sauf au voisinage de nappes d'eau, où apparaissent des tendances à des orientations normales et subparallèles. /// Полевые наблюдения, выполненные в дельте реки Макенви, в эначительной степени подтверждают теорию раввития контракционных термически трещин, предложенную Лахенбрухом. Структура мерзлотных трещин, представляющих начальную стадию тундровых полигонов, была исследована как на лишенных, так и обладающих растительностью нивких аллювиальных береговых участках и песчаных косах трех острОвов. Размеры отдельных сформировавшихся полигонов колеблются от 20 до 30 метров в диаметре на голых, и от 2 до 3 метров на заросших камышом участках почвы. 80% всех обмеренных полигонов оказались ортогонального типа. 3а исключением случаев тесной близости к воде, когда наблюдается тенденция к параллельному или перпендикулярному расположению, большинство трещин обладает случайной ориентацией.
Publisher:
McGill-Queen's University Press
Language:
English
Identifier:
ISSN: 0004-0843
EISSN: 1923-1245
DOI: 10.14430/arctic2953
Source:
Alma/SFX Local Collection
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