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The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Diseases

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

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  • Title:
    The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Author: Shehzad, Masooma
  • Subjects: cardiovascular disease ; microbiome
  • Description: In recent years, the role of the gut microbiome in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been extensively studied. There has been done a lot of research supporting the claim that dysbiosis can contribute to CVD development. Association studies show that the microbiome composition differs between healthy controls and those with CVDs. Possible mechanisms include microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), TMAO, and bile acids, which can exert different effects on the body. The purpose of this paper was to look at intervention studies supporting this research and to prove a causal effect between the microbiome and CVDs. To investigate this, I searched PubMed and Cochrane library. I looked for intervention trials with prebiotics, probiotics, and polyphenols. The different populations included healthy, hypertensive, diabetic, at-risk for cardiovascular disease, and CVD patients. The outcomes looked at were cardiovascular risk factors and stool samples before and after the intervention. The purpose was to see if cardiovascular risk factor changes correlated with changes in the stool samples. 10 studies were selected that met these criteria. The studies showed that all interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and polyphenols led to improvements in anthropometric data, blood pressure, lipid profile, insulin values, glucose values, CRP levels, and flow-mediated dilation. These changes were correlated with the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and numbers, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, and microbial diversity. The results also showed that intervention on the microbiome might be more beneficial to those individuals with pathological conditions. This review provides very promising evidence to support the claim that the microbiome is involved in the development of CVDs and, therefore, may also be a promising intervention. However, more research is required to confirm these findings, understand the in-depth mechanisms involved , and to be able to apply these findings in clinical practice.
  • Creation Date: 2022
  • Language: English
  • Source: NORA Norwegian Open Research Archives
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