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Wellness incentives in the workplace: cost savings through cost shifting to unhealthy workers

Health Affairs, 2013-03, Vol.32 (3), p.468-476 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright The People to People Health Foundation, Inc., Project HOPE Mar 2013 ;ISSN: 0278-2715 ;EISSN: 1544-5208 ;EISSN: 2694-233X ;DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0683 ;PMID: 23459725

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Title:
Wellness incentives in the workplace: cost savings through cost shifting to unhealthy workers
Author: Horwitz, Jill R ; Kelly, Brenna D ; DiNardo, John E
Subjects: Americans with Disabilities Act 1990-US ; Clinical outcomes ; Clinical trials ; Cost Allocation - economics ; Cost Allocation - legislation & jurisprudence ; Cost control ; Cost estimates ; Cost Savings - economics ; Cost Savings - legislation & jurisprudence ; Cost shifting ; Disease ; Employee Incentive Plans - economics ; Employee Incentive Plans - legislation & jurisprudence ; Employee Incentive Plans - organization & administration ; Employees ; Employees' benefit plans ; Employers ; Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act 2008-US ; Health Behavior ; Health care expenditures ; Health care policy ; Health insurance ; Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act 1996-US ; Health Promotion - economics ; Health Promotion - legislation & jurisprudence ; Health Promotion - organization & administration ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Health Status ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Incentives ; Legislation ; Low income groups ; Medical service ; Monetary incentives ; Motivation ; Obesity ; Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act 2010-US ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - economics ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - legislation & jurisprudence ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - organization & administration ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk factors ; Social Determinants of Health - economics ; Social Determinants of Health - legislation & jurisprudence ; Social Discrimination - legislation & jurisprudence ; Socioeconomic status ; Studies ; Tobacco ; United States ; Wellness programs ; Workplace - economics ; Workplace - legislation & jurisprudence ; Workplace - organization & administration ; Workplaces
Is Part Of: Health Affairs, 2013-03, Vol.32 (3), p.468-476
Description: The Affordable Care Act encourages workplace wellness programs, chiefly by promoting programs that reward employees for changing health-related behavior or improving measurable health outcomes. Recognizing the risk that unhealthy employees might be punished rather than helped by such programs, the act also forbids health-based discrimination. We reviewed results of randomized controlled trials and identified challenges for workplace wellness programs to function as the act intends. For example, research results raise doubts that employees with health risk factors, such as obesity and tobacco use, spend more on medical care than others. Such groups may not be especially promising targets for financial incentives meant to save costs through health improvement. Although there may be other valid reasons, beyond lowering costs, to institute workplace wellness programs, we found little evidence that such programs can easily save costs through health improvement without being discriminatory. Our evidence suggests that savings to employers may come from cost shifting, with the most vulnerable employees--those from lower socioeconomic strata with the most health risks--probably bearing greater costs that in effect subsidize their healthier colleagues.
Publisher: United States: The People to People Health Foundation, Inc., Project HOPE
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0278-2715
EISSN: 1544-5208
EISSN: 2694-233X
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0683
PMID: 23459725
Source: AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
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Wellness incentives in the workplace: cost savings through cost shifting to unhealthy workers

Copyright The People to People Health Foundation, Inc., Project HOPE Mar 2013 ;ISSN: 0278-2715 ;EISSN: 1544-5208 ;EISSN: 2694-233X ;DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0683 ;PMID: 23459725

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