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Recording the Presence of Peanibacillus larvae larvae Colonies on MYPGP Substrates Using a Multi-Sensor Array Based on Solid-State Gas Sensors

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.21 (14), p.4917 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2021 by the authors. 2021 ;ISSN: 1424-8220 ;EISSN: 1424-8220 ;DOI: 10.3390/s21144917 ;PMID: 34300655

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  • Title:
    Recording the Presence of Peanibacillus larvae larvae Colonies on MYPGP Substrates Using a Multi-Sensor Array Based on Solid-State Gas Sensors
  • Author: Bąk, Beata ; Wilk, Jakub ; Artiemjew, Piotr ; Wilde, Jerzy
  • Subjects: Air pollution ; Bacteria ; Beekeeping ; Classifiers ; Colonies ; Disease ; electronic nose ; Experiments ; Gas flow ; Gas sampling ; gas sensor ; Gas sensors ; Gases ; Indoor air quality ; k nearest neighbor algorithm ; Laboratories ; Larvae ; MYPGP ; naïve Bayes classifier ; Peanibacillus larvae larvae ; Polystyrene resins ; Potassium phosphates ; Regeneration ; Sensor arrays ; Sensors ; Software ; Substrates ; Test chambers
  • Is Part Of: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.21 (14), p.4917
  • Description: American foulbrood is a dangerous disease of bee broods found worldwide, caused by the Paenibacillus larvae larvae L. bacterium. In an experiment, the possibility of detecting colonies of this bacterium on MYPGP substrates (which contains yeast extract, Mueller-Hinton broth, glucose, K2HPO4, sodium pyruvate, and agar) was tested using a prototype of a multi-sensor recorder of the MCA-8 sensor signal with a matrix of six semiconductors: TGS 823, TGS 826, TGS 832, TGS 2600, TGS 2602, and TGS 2603 from Figaro. Two twin prototypes of the MCA-8 measurement device, M1 and M2, were used in the study. Each prototype was attached to two laboratory test chambers: a wooden one and a polystyrene one. For the experiment, the strain used was P. l. larvae ATCC 9545, ERIC I. On MYPGP medium, often used for laboratory diagnosis of American foulbrood, this bacterium produces small, transparent, smooth, and shiny colonies. Gas samples from over culture media of one- and two-day-old foulbrood P. l. larvae (with no colonies visible to the naked eye) and from over culture media older than 2 days (with visible bacterial colonies) were examined. In addition, the air from empty chambers was tested. The measurement time was 20 min, including a 10-min testing exposure phase and a 10-min sensor regeneration phase. The results were analyzed in two variants: without baseline correction and with baseline correction. We tested 14 classifiers and found that a prototype of a multi-sensor recorder of the MCA-8 sensor signal was capable of detecting colonies of P. l. larvae on MYPGP substrate with a 97% efficiency and could distinguish between MYPGP substrates with 1–2 days of culture, and substrates with older cultures. The efficacy of copies of the prototypes M1 and M2 was shown to differ slightly. The weighted method with Canberra metrics (Canberra.811) and kNN with Canberra and Manhattan metrics (Canberra. 1nn and manhattan.1nn) proved to be the most effective classifiers.
  • Publisher: Basel: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1424-8220
    EISSN: 1424-8220
    DOI: 10.3390/s21144917
    PMID: 34300655
  • Source: Freely Accessible Journals
    PubMed Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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