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Lung Ultrasonography May Provide an Indirect Estimation of Lung Porosity and Airspace Geometry

Respiration, 2014-01, Vol.88 (6), p.458-468 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2014 S. Karger AG, Basel ;2014 S. Karger AG, Basel. ;Copyright (c) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel ;ISSN: 0025-7931 ;EISSN: 1423-0356 ;DOI: 10.1159/000368086 ;PMID: 25376260

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Title:
Lung Ultrasonography May Provide an Indirect Estimation of Lung Porosity and Airspace Geometry
Author: Soldati, Gino ; Smargiassi, Andrea ; Inchingolo, Riccardo ; Sher, Sara ; Nenna, Rosanna ; Valente, Salvatore ; Inchingolo, Cosimo Damiano ; Corbo, Giuseppe Maria
Subjects: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Interventional Pulmonology ; Lung - diagnostic imaging ; Lung - pathology ; Lungs ; Organ Size ; Porosity ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Pulmonary Alveoli - pathology ; Pulmonary Atelectasis - diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Atelectasis - pathology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tidal Volume - physiology ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonography
Is Part Of: Respiration, 2014-01, Vol.88 (6), p.458-468
Description: Background: Echographic vertical artifacts (B-lines) in chest ultrasonography have often been associated with pathological patterns. A scientifically sound explanation of these artifacts has not yet been proposed. Objectives: The ‘spongy' nature of the lung in its liquid and solid components and the changes that take place in peripheral airspace (PAS) geometry might be the key point to understanding these phenomena. Methods: Six excised right rabbit lungs were obtained. Each lung underwent direct ultrasound evaluation in two different conditions: at complete tissue elastic recoil volume and at pulmonary expansion volume achieved by applying a constant positive pressure of 12 cm H2O. Lung volumes and densities were reported in both conditions. Histological examination was performed on three naturally collapsed lungs and on three lungs under positive pressure inflation after having been fixed in formalin solution. Results: Mean volumes of naturally collapsed lungs and fixed expanded lungs were 11.2 ± 0.36 and 44.83 ± 3.03 ml, respectively. Mean densities were 0.622 ± 0.016 and 0.155 ± 0.007 g/ml, respectively. Ultrasound evaluation of collapsed lungs showed dense vertical artifacts and a ‘white lung' pattern, while the evaluation of expanded lungs showed hyperechoic line and horizontal artifacts of reflection. Histological evaluation showed a different PAS geometry in collapsed lungs caused by alveolar size reduction and shape changes with unfolded and closed units modifying the peripheral porosity of the frothy nature of the lung. Conclusions: Airspace geometry, frothy nature and porosity are the determinants of the different behavior of ultrasound interacting with the subpleural lung parenchyma. Chest ultrasound may thus be interpreted as an indirect ‘estimator' of lung porosity.
Publisher: Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0025-7931
EISSN: 1423-0356
DOI: 10.1159/000368086
PMID: 25376260
Source: MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Lung Ultrasonography May Provide an Indirect Estimation of Lung Porosity and Airspace Geometry

2014 S. Karger AG, Basel ;2014 S. Karger AG, Basel. ;Copyright (c) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel ;ISSN: 0025-7931 ;EISSN: 1423-0356 ;DOI: 10.1159/000368086 ;PMID: 25376260

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