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Contact Patterns in a High School: A Comparison between Data Collected Using Wearable Sensors, Contact Diaries and Friendship Surveys

PloS one, 2015-09, Vol.10 (9), p.e0136497-e0136497 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science ;2015 Mastrandrea et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;2015 Mastrandrea et al 2015 Mastrandrea et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136497 ;PMID: 26325289

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  • Title:
    Contact Patterns in a High School: A Comparison between Data Collected Using Wearable Sensors, Contact Diaries and Friendship Surveys
  • Author: Mastrandrea, Rossana ; Fournet, Julie ; Barrat, Alain
  • Viboud, Cecile
  • Subjects: Adolescent ; Communicable diseases ; Condensed Matter ; Data collection ; Data Collection - methods ; Datasets ; Diaries ; Disease transmission ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Friends - psychology ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Influenza ; Internet ; Interpersonal relations ; Links ; Male ; Networks ; Physics ; Physiological aspects ; Polls & surveys ; Questionnaires ; Risk factors ; Schools - statistics & numerical data ; Science ; Secondary schools ; Semantic web ; Sensors ; Social Media ; Social networks ; Social organization ; Social sciences ; Social Support ; Statistical Mechanics ; Students - psychology ; Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wearable technology
  • Is Part Of: PloS one, 2015-09, Vol.10 (9), p.e0136497-e0136497
  • Description: Given their importance in shaping social networks and determining how information or transmissible diseases propagate in a population, interactions between individuals are the subject of many data collection efforts. To this aim, different methods are commonly used, ranging from diaries and surveys to decentralised infrastructures based on wearable sensors. These methods have each advantages and limitations but are rarely compared in a given setting. Moreover, as surveys targeting friendship relations might suffer less from memory biases than contact diaries, it is interesting to explore how actual contact patterns occurring in day-to-day life compare with friendship relations and with online social links. Here we make progresses in these directions by leveraging data collected in a French high school and concerning (i) face-to-face contacts measured by two concurrent methods, namely wearable sensors and contact diaries, (ii) self-reported friendship surveys, and (iii) online social links. We compare the resulting data sets and find that most short contacts are not reported in diaries while long contacts have a large reporting probability, and that the durations of contacts tend to be overestimated in the diaries. Moreover, measured contacts corresponding to reported friendship can have durations of any length but all long contacts do correspond to a reported friendship. On the contrary, online links that are not also reported in the friendship survey correspond to short face-to-face contacts, highlighting the difference of nature between reported friendships and online links. Diaries and surveys suffer moreover from a low sampling rate, as many students did not fill them, showing that the sensor-based platform had a higher acceptability. We also show that, despite the biases of diaries and surveys, the overall structure of the contact network, as quantified by the mixing patterns between classes, is correctly captured by both networks of self-reported contacts and of friendships, and we investigate the correlations between the number of neighbors of individuals in the three networks. Overall, diaries and surveys tend to yield a correct picture of the global structural organization of the contact network, albeit with much less links, and give access to a sort of backbone of the contact network corresponding to the strongest links, i.e., the contacts of longest cumulative durations.
  • Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
    EISSN: 1932-6203
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136497
    PMID: 26325289
  • Source: Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access
    Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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