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Predisposition to and effects of methamphetamine use on the adolescent brain

Molecular psychiatry, 2015-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1516-1524 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2015 Nature Publishing Group ;Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2015 ;Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015. ;ISSN: 1359-4184 ;EISSN: 1476-5578 ;DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.191 ;PMID: 25666756

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Title:
Predisposition to and effects of methamphetamine use on the adolescent brain
Author: Lyoo, I K ; Yoon, S ; Kim, T S ; Lim, S M ; Choi, Y ; Kim, J E ; Hwang, J ; Jeong, H S ; Cho, H B ; Chung, Y A ; Renshaw, P F
Subjects: Addictions ; Addictive behaviors ; Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Adult ; Adults ; Age of Onset ; Alcohol ; Amphetamine-Related Disorders - pathology ; Amphetamines ; Brain ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - pathology ; Brain damage ; Brain injury ; Cerebral cortex ; Child development ; Comparative analysis ; Complications ; Cortex ; Disease Susceptibility ; Drug abuse ; Drug addiction ; Drug use ; Drug withdrawal ; Drugs and youth ; Executive Function - drug effects ; Female ; Genetics ; Gray Matter - drug effects ; Gray Matter - pathology ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Male ; Medical schools ; Medicine ; Methamphetamine ; Methamphetamine - adverse effects ; Myelination ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Pharmaceutical sciences ; Psychiatry ; Questionnaires ; Revisions ; Substantia alba ; Substantia grisea ; Teenagers ; White Matter - drug effects ; White Matter - pathology ; Youth
Is Part Of: Molecular psychiatry, 2015-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1516-1524
Description: Adolescence is a period of heightened vulnerability both to addictive behaviors and drug-induced brain damage. Yet, only limited information exists on the brain mechanisms underlying these adolescent-specific characteristics. Moreover, distinctions in brain correlates between predisposition to drug use and effects of drugs in adolescents are unclear. Using cortical thickness and diffusion tensor image analyses, we found greater and more widespread gray and white matter alterations, particularly affecting the frontostriatal system, in adolescent methamphetamine (MA) users compared with adult users. Among adolescent-specific gray matter alterations related to MA use, smaller cortical thickness in the orbitofrontal cortex was associated with family history of drug use. Our findings highlight that the adolescent brain, which undergoes active myelination and maturation, is more vulnerable to MA-related alterations than the adult brain. Furthermore, MA-use-related executive dysfunction was greater in adolescent MA users than in adult users. These findings may provide explanation for the severe behavioral complications and relapses that are common in adolescent-onset drug addiction. Additionally, these results may provide insights into distinguishing the neural mechanisms that underlie the predisposition to drug addiction from effects of drugs in adolescents.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1359-4184
EISSN: 1476-5578
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.191
PMID: 25666756
Source: ProQuest One Psychology
MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Predisposition to and effects of methamphetamine use on the adolescent brain

COPYRIGHT 2015 Nature Publishing Group ;Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2015 ;Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015. ;ISSN: 1359-4184 ;EISSN: 1476-5578 ;DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.191 ;PMID: 25666756

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