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The translational biology of remyelination: Past, present, and future

Glia, 2014-11, Vol.62 (11), p.1905-1915 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2014 The Authors. Glia Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ;2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ;ISSN: 0894-1491 ;EISSN: 1098-1136 ;DOI: 10.1002/glia.22622 ;PMID: 24446279 ;CODEN: GLIAEJ

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Title:
The translational biology of remyelination: Past, present, and future
Author: Franklin, Robin J. M. ; Gallo, Vittorio
Subjects: Animals ; Biology ; Demyelinating Diseases - pathology ; Demyelinating Diseases - physiopathology ; Demyelinating Diseases - therapy ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Medical research ; Multiple sclerosis ; Neuroglia - physiology ; Neurons - physiology ; progenitor ; Regeneration - physiology ; remyelination ; Stem Cells - physiology ; Translational Medical Research - history ; Translational Medical Research - methods ; Translational Medical Research - trends
Is Part Of: Glia, 2014-11, Vol.62 (11), p.1905-1915
Description: Amongst neurological diseases, multiple sclerosis (MS) presents an attractive target for regenerative medicine. This is because the primary pathology, the loss of myelin‐forming oligodendrocytes, can be followed by a spontaneous and efficient regenerative process called remyelination. While cell transplantation approaches have been explored as a means of replacing lost oligodendrocytes, more recently therapeutic approaches that target the endogenous regenerative process have been favored. This is in large part due to our increasing understanding of (1) the cell types within the adult brain that are able to generate new oligodendrocytes, (2) the mechanisms and pathways by which this achieved, and (3) an emerging awareness of the reasons why remyelination efficiency eventually fails. Here we review some of these advances and also highlight areas where questions remain to be answered in both the biology and translational potential of this important regenerative process. GLIA 2014;62:1905–1915 Main Points: Remyelination is a spontaneously occurring regenerative process in the CNS that follows primary demyelination. It involves the generation of new oligodendrocytes from a widespread population of adult progenitor cells. Increasing knowledge about the biology of remyelination have led to the identification of several therapeutic targets by which remyelination might be pharmacologically enhanced in chronic demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis.
Publisher: United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0894-1491
EISSN: 1098-1136
DOI: 10.1002/glia.22622
PMID: 24446279
CODEN: GLIAEJ
Source: MEDLINE
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The translational biology of remyelination: Past, present, and future

2014 The Authors. Glia Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ;2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ;ISSN: 0894-1491 ;EISSN: 1098-1136 ;DOI: 10.1002/glia.22622 ;PMID: 24446279 ;CODEN: GLIAEJ

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