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Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2021-02, Vol.118 (5) [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. 2021 ;ISSN: 0027-8424 ;ISSN: 1091-6490 ;EISSN: 1091-6490 ;DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022653118 ;PMID: 33500354

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  • Title:
    Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals
  • Author: Rädecker, Nils ; Pogoreutz, Claudia ; Gegner, Hagen M ; Cárdenas, Anny ; Roth, Florian ; Bougoure, Jeremy ; Guagliardo, Paul ; Wild, Christian ; Pernice, Mathieu ; Raina, Jean-Baptiste ; Meibom, Anders ; Voolstra, Christian R
  • Subjects: Biological Sciences ; coral bleaching ; endosymbiosis ; Environmental Sciences ; Life Sciences ; metabolic interaction ; resource competition ; selfish symbiont
  • Is Part Of: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2021-02, Vol.118 (5)
  • Description: Recurrent mass bleaching events are pushing coral reefs worldwide to the brink of ecological collapse. While the symptoms and consequences of this breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis have been extensively characterized, our understanding of the underlying causes remains incomplete. Here, we investigated the nutrient fluxes and the physiological as well as molecular responses of the widespread coral to heat stress prior to the onset of bleaching to identify processes involved in the breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis. We show that altered nutrient cycling during heat stress is a primary driver of the functional breakdown of the symbiosis. Heat stress increased the metabolic energy demand of the coral host, which was compensated by the catabolic degradation of amino acids. The resulting shift from net uptake to release of ammonium by the coral holobiont subsequently promoted the growth of algal symbionts and retention of photosynthates. Together, these processes form a feedback loop that will gradually lead to the decoupling of carbon translocation from the symbiont to the host. Energy limitation and altered symbiotic nutrient cycling are thus key factors in the early heat stress response, directly contributing to the breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis. Interpreting the stability of the coral holobiont in light of its metabolic interactions provides a missing link in our understanding of the environmental drivers of bleaching and may ultimately help uncover fundamental processes underpinning the functioning of endosymbioses in general.
  • Publisher: United States: National Academy of Sciences
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
    ISSN: 1091-6490
    EISSN: 1091-6490
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022653118
    PMID: 33500354
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
    SWEPUB Freely available online
    NCBI PubMed Central（免费）
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