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Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson's disease: a review of the evidence

European journal of epidemiology, 2011-06, Vol.26 (Suppl 1), p.S1-S58 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2011 Springer ;Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;ISSN: 0393-2990 ;ISSN: 1573-7284 ;EISSN: 1573-7284 ;DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9581-6 ;PMID: 21626386 ;CODEN: EJEPE8

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Title:
Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson's disease: a review of the evidence
Author: Wirdefeldt, Karin ; Adami, Hans-Olov ; Cole, Philip ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Mandel, Jack
Subjects: Age Factors ; Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiology ; Case control studies ; Cigarette smoking ; Comorbidity ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diet ; Disease risk ; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects ; Epidemiology ; General aspects ; Genetic mutation ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetics ; Humans ; Infectious Diseases ; Life Sciences ; Magnetics ; Medical sciences ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metals - toxicity ; Miscellaneous ; Nervous system diseases ; Neurology ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Oncology ; Organic Chemicals - toxicity ; Parkinson disease ; Parkinson Disease - epidemiology ; Parkinson Disease - etiology ; Parkinson Disease - genetics ; Parkinsonian disorders ; Parkinsons disease ; Pesticides ; Pesticides - toxicity ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Public Health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk factors ; Santé publique et épidémiologie ; Sex Factors ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Supplement ; Water Supply
Is Part Of: European journal of epidemiology, 2011-06, Vol.26 (Suppl 1), p.S1-S58
Description: The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not well understood but likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors. Incidence and prevalence estimates vary to a large extent—at least partly due to methodological differences between studies—but are consistently higher in men than in women. Several genes that cause familial as well as sporadic PD have been identified and familial aggregation studies support a genetic component. Despite a vast literature on lifestyle and environmental possible risk or protection factors, consistent findings are few. There is compelling evidence for protective effects of smoking and coffee, but the biologic mechanisms for these possibly causal relations are poorly understood. Uric acid also seems to be associated with lower PD risk. Evidence that one or several pesticides increase PD risk is suggestive but further research is needed to identify specific compounds that may play a causal role. Evidence is limited on the role of metals, other chemicals and magnetic fields. Important methodological limitations include crude classification of exposure, low frequency and intensity of exposure, inadequate sample size, potential for confounding, retrospective study designs and lack of consistent diagnostic criteria for PD. Studies that assessed possible shared etiological components between PD and other diseases show that REM sleep behavior disorder and mental illness increase PD risk and that PD patients have lower cancer risk, but methodological concerns exist. Future epidemiologie studies of PD should be large, include detailed quantifications of exposure, and collect information on environmental exposures as well as genetic polymorphisms.
Publisher: Dordrecht: Springer
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0393-2990
ISSN: 1573-7284
EISSN: 1573-7284
DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9581-6
PMID: 21626386
CODEN: EJEPE8
Source: Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
MEDLINE
Alma/SFX Local Collection
ProQuest Central

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Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson's disease: a review of the evidence

2011 Springer ;Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;ISSN: 0393-2990 ;ISSN: 1573-7284 ;EISSN: 1573-7284 ;DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9581-6 ;PMID: 21626386 ;CODEN: EJEPE8

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