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Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PloS one, 2019-12, Vol.14 (12), p.e0226361-e0226361 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science ;2019 Dutheil et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;Attribution ;2019 Dutheil et al 2019 Dutheil et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226361 ;PMID: 31830138

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Title:
Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Author: Dutheil, Frédéric ; Aubert, Claire ; Pereira, Bruno ; Dambrun, Michael ; Moustafa, Fares ; Mermillod, Martial ; Baker, Julien S ; Trousselard, Marion ; Lesage, François-Xavier ; Navel, Valentin
Abe, Takeru
Subjects: Evidence-based medicine ; Exercise ; General practitioners ; Health aspects ; Health care ; Health Personnel - psychology ; Health risks ; Heterogeneity ; Hospitals ; Human health and pathology ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Immunization ; Life Sciences ; Medical personnel ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental health ; Nurses ; Occupational health ; Occupations ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Physicians ; Physicians - psychology ; Physiology ; Preventive medicine ; Psychiatrists ; Psychology ; Regression analysis ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Retirement benefits ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal behavior ; Suicide ; Suicide - psychology ; Suicide - statistics & numerical data ; Suicides & suicide attempts ; Systematic review ; Workers ; Working hours
Is Part Of: PloS one, 2019-12, Vol.14 (12), p.e0226361-e0226361
Description: Medical-related professions are at high suicide risk. However, data are contradictory and comparisons were not made between gender, occupation and specialties, epochs of times. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on suicide risk among health-care workers. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Embase databases were searched without language restriction on April 2019, with the following keywords: suicide* AND (« health care worker* » OR physician* OR nurse*). When possible, we stratified results by gender, countries, time, and specialties. Estimates were pooled using random-effect meta-analysis. Differences by study-level characteristics were estimated using stratified meta-analysis and meta-regression. Suicides, suicidal attempts, and suicidal ideation were retrieved from national or local specific registers or case records. In addition, suicide attempts and suicidal ideation were also retrieved from questionnaires (paper or internet). The overall SMR for suicide in physicians was 1.44 (95CI 1.16, 1.72) with an important heterogeneity (I2 = 93.9%, p<0.001). Female were at higher risk (SMR = 1.9; 95CI 1.49, 2.58; and ES = 0.67; 95CI 0.19, 1.14; p<0.001 compared to male). US physicians were at higher risk (ES = 1.34; 95CI 1.28, 1.55; p <0.001 vs Rest of the world). Suicide decreased over time, especially in Europe (ES = -0.18; 95CI -0.37, -0.01; p = 0.044). Some specialties might be at higher risk such as anesthesiologists, psychiatrists, general practitioners and general surgeons. There were 1.0% (95CI 1.0, 2.0; p<0.001) of suicide attempts and 17% (95CI 12, 21; p<0.001) of suicidal ideation in physicians. Insufficient data precluded meta-analysis on other health-care workers. Physicians are an at-risk profession of suicide, with women particularly at risk. The rate of suicide in physicians decreased over time, especially in Europe. The high prevalence of physicians who committed suicide attempt as well as those with suicidal ideation should benefits for preventive strategies at the workplace. Finally, the lack of data on other health-care workers suggest to implement studies investigating those occupations.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226361
PMID: 31830138
Source: HAL SHS: Archive ouverte en Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (Open Access)
Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
PLoS
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
ProQuest Central
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Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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