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Racial/ethnic, gender, and age group differences in cardiometabolic risks among adults in a Northern California health plan: a cross-sectional study

BMC public health, 2021-06, Vol.21 (1), p.1-1227, Article 1227 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd. ;2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2021 ;ISSN: 1471-2458 ;EISSN: 1471-2458 ;DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11011-4 ;PMID: 34172022

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  • Title:
    Racial/ethnic, gender, and age group differences in cardiometabolic risks among adults in a Northern California health plan: a cross-sectional study
  • Author: Gordon, Nancy P ; Hsueh, Loretta
  • Subjects: Adults ; Age ; Age differences ; Age groups ; Asian Americans ; Avoidance ; Body weight ; Cardiometabolic risks ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Chronic illnesses ; Cultural differences ; Demographic aspects ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diet ; Electronic health records ; Electronic medical records ; Ethnicity ; Exercise ; Filipino Americans ; Fruits ; Gender ; Gender aspects ; Gender differences in health risks ; Health behavior ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Hypertension ; Lifestyles ; Men ; Metabolic diseases ; Middle age ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Obesity ; Physical fitness ; Race ; Racial/ethnic differences in health risks ; Risk factors ; Sex differences ; Sleep ; Smoking ; Sociodemographics ; Sodium ; Vegetables ; Women ; Womens health
  • Is Part Of: BMC public health, 2021-06, Vol.21 (1), p.1-1227, Article 1227
  • Description: Abstract Background In the U.S., the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension are higher among African American/Black (Black), Latinx, and Filipino adults than non-Hispanic White (White) and Chinese adults. We compared the racial/ethnic-specific prevalence of several modifiable cardiometabolic risks in an insured adult population to identify behaviors that may drive racial/ethnic differences in cardiometabolic health. Methods This cross-sectional study used data for middle-aged (35–64) and older (65–79) Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) adult health plan members. Smoking status and BMI were derived from electronic health record data. Weighted pooled self-reported data from the 2014/2015 and 2017 KPNC Member Health Survey cycles were used to estimate daily number of servings of fruits/vegetables, general sodium avoidance, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption frequency, alcohol use within daily recommended limit, weekly exercise frequency, and number of hours of sleep daily. Age-standardized estimates of all cardiometabolic risks were produced for middle-aged and older-aged women and men in the five racial/ethnic groups. Analyses focused on racial/ethnic differences within age-gender groups and gender and age group differences within racial/ethnic groups. Results In both age groups, Black, Latinx, and Filipino adults were more likely than White and Chinese adults to have overweight and obesity and were less likely to engage in health promoting dietary (fruit/vegetable and SSB consumption, sodium avoidance (women only)) and sleep behaviors. Middle-aged Black and Filipino men were more likely than White men to be current smokers. Less racial/ethnic variation was seen in exercise frequency. Significant gender differences were observed for dietary behaviors overall and within racial/ethnic groups, especially among middle-aged adults; however, these gender differences were smaller for sleep and exercise. Age differences within gender and racial/ethnic groups were less consistent. Racial/ethnic and gender differences in these behaviors were also seen in the subsample of adults with diabetes and/or hypertension and in the subsample of adults who reported they were trying to engage in health promoting behaviors. Conclusions Black, Latinx, and Filipino adults were more likely than White and Chinese adults to report dietary and sleep behaviors associated with development and worsening of cardiometabolic conditions, with men exhibiting poorer dietary behaviors than women.
  • Publisher: London: BioMed Central Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1471-2458
    EISSN: 1471-2458
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11011-4
    PMID: 34172022
  • Source: Open Access: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
    Open Access: PubMed Central
    SpringerOpen
    Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
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