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Wood Specific Gravity Variations and Biomass of Central African Tree Species: The Simple Choice of the Outer Wood

PloS one, 2015-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e0142146-e0142146 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science ;2015 Bastin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2015 Bastin et al 2015 Bastin et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142146 ;PMID: 26555144

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  • Title:
    Wood Specific Gravity Variations and Biomass of Central African Tree Species: The Simple Choice of the Outer Wood
  • Author: Bastin, Jean-François ; Fayolle, Adeline ; Tarelkin, Yegor ; Van den Bulcke, Jan ; de Haulleville, Thales ; Mortier, Frederic ; Beeckman, Hans ; Van Acker, Joris ; Serckx, Adeline ; Bogaert, Jan ; De Cannière, Charles
  • Zang, RunGuo
  • Subjects: Africa, Central ; Bark ; Biology ; Biomass ; Carbon ; Collection ; Competitive advantage ; Density ; Dominant species ; Ecology ; Environmental conditions ; Environmental sciences & ecology ; Estimation ; Forest biomass ; Forest ecology ; Forests ; Gravity ; Gravity variations ; Guilds ; Internet ; Laboratories ; Landscape ecology ; Life sciences ; Light ; Measurement ; Mechanical properties ; Moisture content ; Museums ; Properties ; Regeneration ; Repositories ; Sciences de l’environnement & écologie ; Sciences du vivant ; Shade ; Spatial resolution ; Specific Gravity ; Studies ; Survival analysis ; Tomography ; Trees ; Trends ; Tropical forests ; Variation ; Wood
  • Is Part Of: PloS one, 2015-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e0142146-e0142146
  • Description: Wood specific gravity is a key element in tropical forest ecology. It integrates many aspects of tree mechanical properties and functioning and is an important predictor of tree biomass. Wood specific gravity varies widely among and within species and also within individual trees. Notably, contrasted patterns of radial variation of wood specific gravity have been demonstrated and related to regeneration guilds (light demanding vs. shade-bearing). However, although being repeatedly invoked as a potential source of error when estimating the biomass of trees, both intraspecific and radial variations remain little studied. In this study we characterized detailed pith-to-bark wood specific gravity profiles among contrasted species prominently contributing to the biomass of the forest, i.e., the dominant species, and we quantified the consequences of such variations on the biomass. Radial profiles of wood density at 8% moisture content were compiled for 14 dominant species in the Democratic Republic of Congo, adapting a unique 3D X-ray scanning technique at very high spatial resolution on core samples. Mean wood density estimates were validated by water displacement measurements. Wood density profiles were converted to wood specific gravity and linear mixed models were used to decompose the radial variance. Potential errors in biomass estimation were assessed by comparing the biomass estimated from the wood specific gravity measured from pith-to-bark profiles, from global repositories, and from partial information (outer wood or inner wood). Wood specific gravity profiles from pith-to-bark presented positive, neutral and negative trends. Positive trends mainly characterized light-demanding species, increasing up to 1.8 g.cm-3 per meter for Piptadeniastrum africanum, and negative trends characterized shade-bearing species, decreasing up to 1 g.cm-3 per meter for Strombosia pustulata. The linear mixed model showed the greater part of wood specific gravity variance was explained by species only (45%) followed by a redundant part between species and regeneration guilds (36%). Despite substantial variation in wood specific gravity profiles among species and regeneration guilds, we found that values from the outer wood were strongly correlated to values from the whole profile, without any significant bias. In addition, we found that wood specific gravity from the DRYAD global repository may strongly differ depending on the species (up to 40% for Dialium pachyphyllum). Therefore, when estimating forest biomass in specific sites, we recommend the systematic collection of outer wood samples on dominant species. This should prevent the main errors in biomass estimations resulting from wood specific gravity and allow for the collection of new information to explore the intraspecific variation of mechanical properties of trees.
  • Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
    EISSN: 1932-6203
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142146
    PMID: 26555144
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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