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Effects of hydrolysis conditions on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from kenaf bast fibers

Cellulose (London), 2012-06, Vol.19 (3), p.855-866 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 ;Cellulose is a copyright of Springer, (2012). All Rights Reserved. ;ISSN: 0969-0239 ;EISSN: 1572-882X ;DOI: 10.1007/s10570-012-9684-6

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Title:
Effects of hydrolysis conditions on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from kenaf bast fibers
Author: Kargarzadeh, Hanieh ; Ahmad, Ishak ; Abdullah, Ibrahim ; Dufresne, Alain ; Zainudin, Siti Yasmine ; Sheltami, Rasha M.
Subjects: Bioorganic Chemistry ; Bleaching ; Cellulose ; Cellulose fibers ; Ceramics ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Composites ; Crystal structure ; Crystallinity ; Emission analysis ; Field emission microscopy ; Fourier transforms ; Glass ; Hydrolysis ; Kenaf ; Microscopy ; Morphology ; Nanocrystals ; Natural Materials ; Organic Chemistry ; Original Paper ; Physical Chemistry ; Polymer Sciences ; Reaction time ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Sulfuric acid ; Sustainable Development ; Thermal stability ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Vegetable fibers ; Zeta potential
Is Part Of: Cellulose (London), 2012-06, Vol.19 (3), p.855-866
Description: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were first isolated from kenaf bast fibers and then characterized. The raw fibers were subjected to alkali treatment and bleaching treatment and subsequent hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The influence of the reaction time on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of CNC was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that lignin and hemicellulose were almost entirely removed during the alkali and bleaching treatments. The morphology and dimensions of the fibers and acid-released CNC were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. X-Ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystallinity first increases upon hydrolysis and then decreases after long durations of hydrolysis. The optimal extraction time was found to be around 40 min during hydrolysis at 45 °C with 65% sulfuric acid. The thermal stability was found to decrease as the hydrolysis time increased. The electrophoretic mobility of the CNC suspensions was measured using the zeta potential, and it ranged from −8.7 to −95.3 mV.
Publisher: Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0969-0239
EISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-012-9684-6
Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
ProQuest Central

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Effects of hydrolysis conditions on the morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from kenaf bast fibers

Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 ;Cellulose is a copyright of Springer, (2012). All Rights Reserved. ;ISSN: 0969-0239 ;EISSN: 1572-882X ;DOI: 10.1007/s10570-012-9684-6

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