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Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy: The Old and the New

Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 2018, 42(5), 169, pp.364-376 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association. ;Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association 2018 Korean Diabetes Association ;ISSN: 2233-6079 ;EISSN: 2233-6087 ;DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0182 ;PMID: 30362302

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  • Title:
    Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy: The Old and the New
  • Author: Kusuhara, Sentaro ; Fukushima, Yoko ; Ogura, Shuntaro ; Inoue, Naomi ; Uemura, Akiyoshi
  • Subjects: Angiopoietins ; Blood-retina barrier ; Diabetic retinopathy ; Endothelial cells ; Macular edema ; Pericytes ; Retinal neovascularization ; Review ; Vascular endothelial growth factors ; 내과학
  • Is Part Of: Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 2018, 42(5), 169, pp.364-376
  • Description: Vision loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is ascribed primarily to retinal vascular abnormalities-including hyperpermeability, hypoperfusion, and neoangiogenesis-that eventually lead to anatomical and functional alterations in retinal neurons and glial cells. Recent advances in retinal imaging systems using optical coherence tomography technologies and pharmacological treatments using anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs and corticosteroids have revolutionized the clinical management of DR. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of DR are not fully determined, largely because hyperglycemic animal models only reproduce limited aspects of subclinical and early DR. Conversely, non-diabetic mouse models that represent the hallmark vascular disorders in DR, such as pericyte deficiency and retinal ischemia, have provided clues toward an understanding of the sequential events that are responsible for vision-impairing conditions. In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations and treatment modalities of DR, discuss current and emerging concepts with regard to the pathophysiology of DR, and introduce perspectives on the development of new drugs, emphasizing the breakdown of the blood-retina barrier and retinal neovascularization.
  • Publisher: Korea (South): Korean Diabetes Association
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2233-6079
    EISSN: 2233-6087
    DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0182
    PMID: 30362302
  • Source: KoreaMed Synapse
    PubMed Central
    KoreaMed Open Access
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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