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Exploring the complex trade-offs and synergies of global ecosystem services

Environmental science and ecotechnology, 2024-09, Vol.21, p.100391-100391, Article 100391 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2024 ;2024 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. ;2024 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. 2024 ;ISSN: 2666-4984 ;ISSN: 2096-9643 ;EISSN: 2666-4984 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100391 ;PMID: 38328510

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  • Title:
    Exploring the complex trade-offs and synergies of global ecosystem services
  • Author: Wang, Jinnan ; Wu, Wenjun ; Yang, Meng ; Gao, Yueming ; Shao, Jiacheng ; Yang, Weishan ; Ma, Guoxia ; Yu, Fang ; Yao, Nan ; Jiang, Hongqiang
  • Subjects: Biophysical quantity ; Ecosystem services ; Monetary value ; Original Research ; Synergy ; Trade-off
  • Is Part Of: Environmental science and ecotechnology, 2024-09, Vol.21, p.100391-100391, Article 100391
  • Description: The trade-off and synergy relationship of ecosystem services is an important topic in the current assessment. The value of each service provided by the ecosystem is substantially affected by human activities, and conversely, its changes will also affect the relevant human decisions. Due to varying trade-offs among ecosystem services and synergies between them that can either increase or decrease, it is difficult to optimize multiple ecosystem services simultaneously, making it a huge challenge for ecosystem management. This study firstly develops a global Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) accounting framework. It uses remote sensing data with a spatial resolution of 1 km to estimate the ecosystem services of forests, wetlands, grasslands, deserts, and farmlands in 179 major countries in 2018. The results show that the range of global GEP values is USD 112–197 trillion, with an average value of USD 155 trillion (the constant price), and the ratio of GEP to gross domestic product (GDP) is 1.85. The trade-offs and the synergies among different ecosystem services in each continent and income group have been further explored. We found a correspondence between the income levels and the synergy among ecosystem services within each nation. Among specific ecosystem services, there are strong synergies between oxygen release, climate regulation, and carbon sequestration services. A trade-off relationship has been observed between flood regulation and other services, such as water conservation and soil retention services in low-income countries. The results will help clarify the roles and the feedback mechanisms between different stakeholders and provide a scientific basis for optimizing ecosystem management and implementing ecological compensation schemes to enhance human well-being. [Display omitted] •Analyze composition and distribution of Gross Ecosystem Product in 179 countries.•Quantifying trade-offs and synergistic interactions among ecosystem services.•Reveal relationship between Gross Ecosystem Product and natural-social factors.•Open publication of the datasets also makes it possible for further exploration.
  • Publisher: Netherlands: Elsevier B.V
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2666-4984
    ISSN: 2096-9643
    EISSN: 2666-4984
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100391
    PMID: 38328510
  • Source: PubMed Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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