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Evolutionary entanglement of mobile genetic elements and host defence systems: guns for hire

Nature reviews. Genetics, 2020-02, Vol.21 (2), p.119-131 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2020 Nature Publishing Group ;COPYRIGHT 2020 Nature Publishing Group ;2019© Springer Nature Limited 2019 ;Springer Nature Limited 2019. ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;ISSN: 1471-0056 ;EISSN: 1471-0064 ;DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0172-9 ;PMID: 31611667

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Title:
Evolutionary entanglement of mobile genetic elements and host defence systems: guns for hire
Author: Koonin, Eugene V ; Makarova, Kira S ; Wolf, Yuri I ; Krupovic, Mart
Subjects: Biological Evolution ; Cooling ; CRISPR ; Defense ; Defense mechanisms ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Evolutionary genetics ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic research ; Host-parasite interactions ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Host-virus relationships ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences ; Life Sciences ; Military markets ; Military sales ; Mobility ; Nuclease ; Prokaryotes
Is Part Of: Nature reviews. Genetics, 2020-02, Vol.21 (2), p.119-131
Description: All cellular life forms are afflicted by diverse genetic parasites, including viruses and other types of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and have evolved multiple, diverse defence systems that protect them from MGE assault via different mechanisms. Here, we provide our perspectives on how recent evidence points to tight evolutionary connections between MGEs and defence systems that reach far beyond the proverbial arms race. Defence systems incur a fitness cost for the hosts; therefore, at least in prokaryotes, horizontal mobility of defence systems, mediated primarily by MGEs, is essential for their persistence. Moreover, defence systems themselves possess certain features of selfish elements. Common components of MGEs, such as site-specific nucleases, are 'guns for hire' that can also function as parts of defence mechanisms and are often shuttled between MGEs and defence systems. Thus, evolutionary and molecular factors converge to mould the multifaceted, inextricable connection between MGEs and anti-MGE defence systems.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1471-0056
EISSN: 1471-0064
DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0172-9
PMID: 31611667
Source: MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Evolutionary entanglement of mobile genetic elements and host defence systems: guns for hire

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