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The protected flora of long‐established cemeteries in Hungary: Using historical maps in biodiversity conservation

Ecology and evolution, 2020-07, Vol.10 (14), p.7497-7508 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2020 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2045-7758 ;EISSN: 2045-7758 ;DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6476 ;PMID: 32760544

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  • Title:
    The protected flora of long‐established cemeteries in Hungary: Using historical maps in biodiversity conservation
  • Author: Löki, Viktor ; Schmotzer, András ; Takács, Attila ; Süveges, Kristóf ; Lovas‐Kiss, Ádám ; Lukács, Balázs András ; Tökölyi, Jácint ; Molnár V., Attila
  • Subjects: Anthropogenic factors ; Biodiversity ; Cemeteries ; Conservation ; Digitization ; Flora ; Flowers & plants ; Grasslands ; Habitats ; Human influences ; Human populations ; Management methods ; man‐made habitats ; nature conservation ; Original Research ; Polls & surveys ; Population number ; Protected plants ; Protected species ; red list species ; refuges ; secondary habitats ; Time management ; vascular plants ; Wildlife ; Wildlife conservation ; Wildlife habitats ; Wildlife management ; Woodlands
  • Is Part Of: Ecology and evolution, 2020-07, Vol.10 (14), p.7497-7508
  • Description: The role of anthropogenically influenced habitats in conserving elements of the original wildlife has increased worldwide simultaneously with the disappearance of natural sites. Burial places are able to conserve original elements of the wildlife, and this fact has been known for at least a century. To this day, little is known about long‐time changes and the effect of long‐time management methods in cemeteries on the flora they harbor. The utility of historical maps in research focused on natural values, as well as in answering questions related to conservation was recently demonstrated, but the use of digitized historical maps in biodiversity research of the Carpathian Basin is very limited. In the present paper, we aimed to predict the conservation potential of long‐established and newly established cemeteries of Hungarian settlements with various population sizes based on the digitized maps of the 2nd Military Survey of the Austrian Empire (1819–1869), by categorizing cemeteries into 3 distinct (anthropogenic habitat, cemetery, or natural habitat) types. To build our models, we used records of the protected flora from Hungarian cemeteries, based on data of thematic botanical surveys of 991 cemeteries. Out of the surveyed cemeteries, 553 (56%) harbored protected plants, totaling 306.617 estimated individuals of 92 protected species, belonging to 28 plant families. These species represent 12% of the entire protected flora of Hungary. Hungarian cemeteries play a key role mainly in preserving steppe and dry grassland plant species. Long‐established and large cemeteries harbor more protected plant species than small and newly established ones. Human population size of the settlements correlated negatively with the number of protected species and individuals. Moreover, woodland cover and proportion of grassland also significantly positively affected the number of protected plant species in cemeteries. The main aim of this paper was predicting the conservation potential of long‐established and newly established cemeteries of Hungarian settlements based on the digitized maps of the 2nd Military Survey of the Austrian Empire (1819–1869), by categorizing cemeteries into 3 distinct (anthropogenic habitat, cemetery, or natural habitat) types. We used records of the protected plant flora from 991 Hungarian cemeteries. 55.80% of surveyed cemeteries harboured protected vascular plants (totally 92 species). Long‐established and larger cemeteries harbour more protected plant species. Human population size of the settlements correlated negatively with the number of protected species and individuals in their cemeteries. Moreover, woodland cover, proportion of grassland, and geographic altitude also significantly affected the number of protected plant species in cemeteries.
  • Publisher: England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2045-7758
    EISSN: 2045-7758
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6476
    PMID: 32760544
  • Source: Open Access: PubMed Central
    Open Access: Wiley Blackwell Open Access Journals
    Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
    ROAD
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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