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Chagas Heart Disease: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms, Prognostic Factors and Risk Stratification

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2009-07, Vol.104 (s1), p.152-158 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright 2009 - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz ;This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. ;ISSN: 1678-8060 ;ISSN: 0074-0276 ;EISSN: 1678-8060 ;DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762009000900021 ;PMID: 19753470

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  • Title:
    Chagas Heart Disease: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms, Prognostic Factors and Risk Stratification
  • Author: Rassi Jr, Anis ; Rassi, Anis ; Marin-Neto, José Antonio
  • Subjects: Chagas Cardiomyopathy - complications ; Chagas Cardiomyopathy - physiopathology ; Chagas disease ; Chagas heart disease ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; PARASITOLOGY ; pathogenesis ; pathogenesis - prognostic factors ; pathophysiology ; Prognosis ; prognostic factors ; Risk Assessment ; risk stratification ; Severity of Illness Index ; TROPICAL MEDICINE ; Trypanosoma cruzi
  • Is Part Of: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2009-07, Vol.104 (s1), p.152-158
  • Description: Chagas heart disease (CHD) results from infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is the leading cause of infectious myocarditis worldwide. It poses a substantial public health burden due to high morbidity and mortality. CHD is also the most serious and frequent manifestation of chronic Chagas disease and appears in 20-40% of infected individuals between 10-30 years after the original acute infection. In recent decades, numerous clinical and experimental investigations have shown that a low-grade but incessant parasitism, along with an accompanying immunological response [either parasite-driven (most likely) or autoimmune-mediated], plays an important role in producing myocardial damage in CHD. At the same time, primary neuronal damage and microvascular dysfunction have been described as ancillary pathogenic mechanisms. Conduction system disturbances, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, systemic and pulmonary thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death are the most common clinical manifestations of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy. Management of CHD aims to relieve symptoms, identify markers of unfavourable prognosis and treat those individuals at increased risk of disease progression or death. This article reviews the pathophysiology of myocardial damage, discusses the value of current risk stratification models and proposes an algorithm to guide mortality risk assessment and therapeutic decision-making in patients with CHD.
  • Publisher: Brazil: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz
  • Language: English;Portuguese
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1678-8060
    ISSN: 0074-0276
    EISSN: 1678-8060
    DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762009000900021
    PMID: 19753470
  • Source: SciELO
    Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    MEDLINE
    Bioline International
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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