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Record-low primary productivity and high plant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in 2012 caused by multiple weather events and pest outbreaks

Environmental research letters, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.84006 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2014 IOP Publishing Ltd ;2014. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 1748-9326 ;EISSN: 1748-9326 ;DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 ;CODEN: ERLNAL

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Title:
Record-low primary productivity and high plant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in 2012 caused by multiple weather events and pest outbreaks
Author: Bjerke, Jarle W ; Rune Karlsen, Stein ; Arild Høgda, Kjell ; Malnes, Eirik ; Jepsen, Jane U ; Lovibond, Sarah ; Vikhamar-Schuler, Dagrun ; Tømmervik, Hans
Subjects: Anomalies ; anomalous weather events ; Arctic zone ; Browning ; Climate change ; Climate effects ; Climate models ; Damage ; Data sampling ; disturbance ; Drought ; Environment models ; extreme events ; Ice environments ; Insects ; long-term monitoring series ; Monitoring ; NDVI ; Normalized difference vegetative index ; Outbreaks ; pathogens ; Pest outbreaks ; Pests ; Photosynthesis ; plant stress ; Polar environments ; Productivity ; Terrestrial environments ; Vegetation ; Vegetation index ; Weather ; Wildfires
Is Part Of: Environmental research letters, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.84006
Description: The release of cold temperature constraints on photosynthesis has led to increased productivity (greening) in significant parts (32-39%) of the Arctic, but much of the Arctic shows stable (57-64%) or reduced productivity (browning, <4%). Summer drought and wildfires are the best-documented drivers causing browning of continental areas, but factors dampening the greening effect of more maritime regions have remained elusive. Here we show how multiple anomalous weather events severely affected the terrestrial productivity during one water year (October 2011-September 2012) in a maritime region north of the Arctic Circle, the Nordic Arctic Region, and contributed to the lowest mean vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index) recorded this century. Procedures for field data sampling were designed during or shortly after the events in order to assess both the variability in effects and the maximum effects of the stressors. Outbreaks of insect and fungal pests also contributed to low greenness. Vegetation greenness in 2012 was 6.8% lower than the 2000-11 average and 58% lower in the worst affected areas that were under multiple stressors. These results indicate the importance of events (some being mostly neglected in climate change effect studies and monitoring) for primary productivity in a high-latitude maritime region, and highlight the importance of monitoring plant damage in the field and including frequencies of stress events in models of carbon economy and ecosystem change in the Arctic. Fourteen weather events and anomalies and 32 hypothesized impacts on plant productivity are summarized as an aid for directing future research.
Publisher: Bristol: IOP Publishing
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1748-9326
EISSN: 1748-9326
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006
CODEN: ERLNAL
Source: IOP Publishing Free Content
IOPscience (Open Access)
GFMER Free Medical Journals
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Record-low primary productivity and high plant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in 2012 caused by multiple weather events and pest outbreaks

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