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Low-load blood flow restriction training induces similar morphological and mechanical Achilles tendon adaptations compared with high-load resistance training

Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2019-12, Vol.127 (6), p.1660-1667 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

ISSN: 8750-7587 ;EISSN: 1522-1601 ;DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00602.2019 ;PMID: 31725362

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  • Title:
    Low-load blood flow restriction training induces similar morphological and mechanical Achilles tendon adaptations compared with high-load resistance training
  • Author: Centner, Christoph ; Lauber, Benedikt ; Seynnes, Olivier R ; Jerger, Simon ; Sohnius, Tim ; Gollhofer, Albert ; König, Daniel
  • Is Part Of: Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2019-12, Vol.127 (6), p.1660-1667
  • Description: Low-load blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) training has gained increasing interest in the scientific community by demonstrating that increases in muscle mass and strength are comparable to conventional high-load (HL) resistance training. Although adaptations on the muscular level are well documented, there is little evidence on how LL-BFR training affects human myotendinous properties. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate morphological and mechanical Achilles tendon adaptations after 14 wk of strength training. Fifty-five male volunteers (27.9 ± 5.1 yr) were randomly allocated into the following three groups: LL-BFR [20-35% of one-repetition maximum (1RM)], HL (70-85% 1RM), or a nonexercising control (CON) group. The LL-BFR and HL groups completed a resistance training program for 14 wk, and tendon morphology, mechanical as well as material properties, and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and isometric strength were assessed before and after the intervention. Both HL (+40.7%) and LL-BFR (+36.1%) training induced significant increases in tendon stiffness ( < 0.05) as well as tendon CSA (HL: +4.6%, LL-BFR: +7.8%, < 0.001). These changes were comparable between groups without significant changes in Young's modulus. Furthermore, gastrocnemius medialis muscle CSA and plantar flexor strength significantly increased in both training groups ( < 0.05), whereas the CON group did not show significant changes in any of the evaluated parameters. In conclusion, the adaptive change in Achilles tendon properties following low-load resistance training with partial vascular occlusion appears comparable to that evoked by high-load resistance training. Low-load blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) training has been shown to induce beneficial adaptations at the muscular level. However, studies examining the effects on human tendon properties are rare. The findings provide first evidence that LL-BFR can increase Achilles tendon mechanical and morphological properties to a similar extent as conventional high-load resistance training. This is of particular importance for individuals who may not tolerate heavy training loads but still aim for improvements in myotendinous function.
  • Publisher: United States
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 8750-7587
    EISSN: 1522-1601
    DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00602.2019
    PMID: 31725362
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
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