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The Sea Peoples, from cuneiform tablets to carbon dating

PloS one, 2011-06, Vol.6 (6), p.e20232-e20232 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science ;2011 Kaniewski et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;Kaniewski et al. 2011 ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020232 ;PMID: 21687714

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Title:
The Sea Peoples, from cuneiform tablets to carbon dating
Author: Kaniewski, David ; Van Campo, Elise ; Van Lerberghe, Karel ; Boiy, Tom ; Vansteenhuyse, Klaas ; Jans, Greta ; Nys, Karin ; Weiss, Harvey ; Morhange, Christophe ; Otto, Thierry ; Bretschneider, Joachim
Hardy, Karen
Subjects: Absolute age ; Ancient Egypt ; Archaeology ; Biblical studies ; Biological anthropology ; Bronze Age ; Carbon dating ; Chronology ; Cultural factors ; Egyptian civilization ; Egyptian history, to 642 (Ancient period) ; Environment and Society ; Environmental Sciences ; Ethnicity ; Gravitation ; Historical metallurgy ; History ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; International relations ; Population Groups ; Radiocarbon dating ; Radiometric Dating - methods ; Sabatier, Paul (1854-1941) ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Studies ; Tablets ; Writing
Is Part Of: PloS one, 2011-06, Vol.6 (6), p.e20232-e20232
Description: The 13(th) century BC witnessed the zenith of the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean civilizations which declined at the end of the Bronze Age, ∼3200 years ago. Weakening of this ancient flourishing Mediterranean world shifted the political and economic centres of gravity away from the Levant towards Classical Greece and Rome, and led, in the long term, to the emergence of the modern western civilizations. Textual evidence from cuneiform tablets and Egyptian reliefs from the New Kingdom relate that seafaring tribes, the Sea Peoples, were the final catalyst that put the fall of cities and states in motion. However, the lack of a stratified radiocarbon-based archaeology for the Sea People event has led to a floating historical chronology derived from a variety of sources spanning dispersed areas. Here, we report a stratified radiocarbon-based archaeology with anchor points in ancient epigraphic-literary sources, Hittite-Levantine-Egyptian kings and astronomical observations to precisely date the Sea People event. By confronting historical and science-based archaeology, we establish an absolute age range of 1192-1190 BC for terminal destructions and cultural collapse in the northern Levant. This radiocarbon-based archaeology has far-reaching implications for the wider Mediterranean, where an elaborate network of international relations and commercial activities are intertwined with the history of civilizations.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020232
PMID: 21687714
Source: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
HAL SHS: Archive ouverte en Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (Open Access)
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
ProQuest Central

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The Sea Peoples, from cuneiform tablets to carbon dating

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