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High- and Low-Arousal Daily Affect Dynamics Vary Across the Adult Lifespan

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022-05, Vol.77 (5), p.895-904 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2021 ;The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. ;ISSN: 1079-5014 ;EISSN: 1758-5368 ;DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab203 ;PMID: 34698841

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  • Title:
    High- and Low-Arousal Daily Affect Dynamics Vary Across the Adult Lifespan
  • Author: Mak, Hio Wa ; Schneider, Stefan
  • Isaacowitz, Derek
  • Subjects: Adult ; Affect ; Apathy ; Arousal ; Humans ; Longevity ; THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Psychological Sciences
  • Is Part Of: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022-05, Vol.77 (5), p.895-904
  • Description: Abstract Objectives Age differences in affective experience across adulthood are widely documented. According to the circumplex model of affect consists of 2 aspects—valence (positive vs negative) and arousal (low activation vs high activation). Prior research on age differences has primarily focused on the valence aspect. However, little is known about age differences in daily affect of high and low arousal. Method The present study examined age differences in daily dynamics (i.e., mean levels, variability, and inertia) of negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) of high and low arousal in a sample of 492 adults aged 21–91. Participants completed daily affect ratings for 21 consecutive days. Results Age was negatively and linearly related to mean levels of both high-arousal and low-arousal NA. Both high-arousal and low-arousal PA mean levels showed increases after middle age. Further, age was related to lower variability in both NA and PA regardless of arousal. Additionally, high-arousal NA inertia showed a linear decrease with age, whereas low-arousal PA inertia showed an inverted-U pattern with age. After controlling for mean levels of affect, the associations between age and affect variability remained significant, whereas the associations between age and affect inertia did not. Discussion The affective profile of older age is characterized by lower mean levels of NA, higher mean levels of PA, lower affect variability, and less persistence in high-arousal NA and low-arousal PA in daily life. Our results contribute to a nuanced understanding of which affective processes improve with age and which do not.
  • Publisher: US: Oxford University Press
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1079-5014
    EISSN: 1758-5368
    DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab203
    PMID: 34698841
  • Source: MEDLINE
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
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