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Global and regional white matter development in early childhood

NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), 2019-08, Vol.196, p.49-58 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;2019. Elsevier Inc. ;ISSN: 1053-8119 ;EISSN: 1095-9572 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.004 ;PMID: 30959194

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Title:
Global and regional white matter development in early childhood
Author: Reynolds, Jess E. ; Grohs, Melody N. ; Dewey, Deborah ; Lebel, Catherine
Subjects: Adults ; Age ; Anisotropy ; Automation ; Brain ; Brain - anatomy & histology ; Brain - growth & development ; Brain injury ; Brain research ; Child ; Child Development ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cognitive ability ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Early childhood ; Family income ; Female ; Gender differences ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Male ; Males ; Myelination ; Neurodevelopment ; Neuroimaging ; Preschool ; Preschool education ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex differences ; Studies ; Substantia alba ; White matter ; White Matter - anatomy & histology ; White Matter - growth & development
Is Part Of: NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), 2019-08, Vol.196, p.49-58
Description: White matter development continues throughout childhood and into early adulthood, but few studies have examined early childhood, and the specific trajectories and regional variation in this age range remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize developmental trajectories and sex differences of white matter in typically developing young children. Three hundred and ninety-six diffusion tensor imaging datasets from 120 children (57 male) aged 2–8 years were analyzed using tractography. Fractional anisotropy (FA) increased and mean diffusivity (MD) decreased in all white matter tracts by 5–15% over the 6-year period, likely reflecting increases in myelination and axonal packing. Males showed steeper slopes in a number of brain areas. Overall, early childhood is associated with substantial development of all white matter and appears to be an important period for the development of occipital and limbic connections, which showed the largest changes. This study provides a detailed characterization of age-related white matter changes in early childhood, offering baseline data that can be used to understand cognitive and behavioural development, as well as to identify deviations from normal development in children with various diseases, disorders, or brain injuries. •We mapped white matter development longitudinally in 120 typically developing children aged 2–8 years.•Fractional anisotropy increased and mean diffusivity decreased by 5–15%.•Males showed faster development than females in a number of brain areas.•Early childhood appears to be an important period for the development of occipital and limbic connections.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1053-8119
EISSN: 1095-9572
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.004
PMID: 30959194
Source: ProQuest One Psychology
MEDLINE
Alma/SFX Local Collection
ProQuest Central

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Global and regional white matter development in early childhood

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;2019. Elsevier Inc. ;ISSN: 1053-8119 ;EISSN: 1095-9572 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.004 ;PMID: 30959194

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