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Surface hydrophobization of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) using a facile, aqueous modification process and its effect on properties of epoxy nanocomposites

Cellulose (London), 2019-12, Vol.26 (18), p.9631-9643 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Springer Nature B.V. 2019 ;Cellulose is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved. ;ISSN: 0969-0239 ;EISSN: 1572-882X ;DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02762-w

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Title:
Surface hydrophobization of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) using a facile, aqueous modification process and its effect on properties of epoxy nanocomposites
Author: Shrestha, Shikha ; Chowdhury, Reaz A. ; Toomey, Michael D. ; Betancourt, Daniela ; Montes, Francisco ; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.
Subjects: Acetone ; Adhesive strength ; Bioorganic Chemistry ; Cellulose ; Ceramics ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Composites ; Dispersion hardening ; Epoxy resins ; Fillers ; Glass ; Glass transition temperature ; Incompatibility ; Mechanical properties ; Modulus of elasticity ; Nanocomposites ; Natural Materials ; Organic Chemistry ; Original Research ; Physical Chemistry ; Polymer Sciences ; Solvents ; Sustainable Development ; Tannic acid ; Thermal stability ; Wood pulp
Is Part Of: Cellulose (London), 2019-12, Vol.26 (18), p.9631-9643
Description: This work investigates the effects of surface modified cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of epoxy nanocomposites. CNFs (extracted from wood pulp) were modified by using a two-step water-based method, where tannic acid (TA) acts as a primer with CNF suspension and reacts with hexadecylamine (HDA), forming the modified product as CNF-TA-HDA. The modified (-m) and unmodified (-um) CNFs were filled into hydrophobic epoxy resin with a co-solvent (acetone), which was subsequently removed to form a solvent-free two component epoxy system, followed by addition of hardener to cure the resin. Better dispersion and stronger adhesion between fillers and epoxy were obtained for m-CNFs than the um-CNFs, resulting in better mechanical properties of nanocomposites at the same loading. Elastic modulus, tensile strength, and work-of-fracture improved with increasing m-CNFs, with the most remarkable improvement observed for 0.5 wt% content, indicating good reinforcement of epoxy. um-CNFs showed incompatibility and lack of dispersion with epoxy leading to insignificant changes in the mechanical properties. Thermal stability and the degradation temperature of m-CNF/epoxy improved when compared to neat epoxy. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) also increased substantially up to 5 °C for m-CNFs, while um-CNFs showed decrease in T g .
Publisher: Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0969-0239
EISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02762-w
Source: ProQuest Central

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Surface hydrophobization of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) using a facile, aqueous modification process and its effect on properties of epoxy nanocomposites

Springer Nature B.V. 2019 ;Cellulose is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved. ;ISSN: 0969-0239 ;EISSN: 1572-882X ;DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02762-w

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