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Pharmaceutically active micropollutants: origin, hazards and removal

Frontiers in microbiology, 2024, Vol.15, p.1339469-1339469 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2024 Gupta, Kumar, Bajpai, Chaturvedi, Johri, Tiwari, Vivekanand and Trivedi. ;Copyright © 2024 Gupta, Kumar, Bajpai, Chaturvedi, Johri, Tiwari, Vivekanand and Trivedi. 2024 Gupta, Kumar, Bajpai, Chaturvedi, Johri, Tiwari, Vivekanand and Trivedi ;ISSN: 1664-302X ;EISSN: 1664-302X ;DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1339469 ;PMID: 38419628

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  • Title:
    Pharmaceutically active micropollutants: origin, hazards and removal
  • Author: Gupta, Anuradha ; Kumar, Sandeep ; Bajpai, Yashi ; Chaturvedi, Kavita ; Johri, Parul ; Tiwari, Rajesh K ; Vivekanand, V ; Trivedi, Mala
  • Subjects: antibiotic resistance genes ; Microbiology ; pharmaceutically active micropollutants ; potential threat ; remediation ; wastewater treatment plant
  • Is Part Of: Frontiers in microbiology, 2024, Vol.15, p.1339469-1339469
  • Description: Pharmaceuticals, recognized for their life-saving potential, have emerged as a concerning class of micropollutants in the environment. Even at minute concentrations, chronic exposure poses a significant threat to ecosystems. Various pharmaceutically active micropollutants (PhAMP), including antibiotics, analgesics, and hormones, have been detected in underground waters, surface waters, seawater, sewage treatment plants, soils, and activated sludges due to the absence of standardized regulations on pharmaceutical discharge. Prolonged exposureof hospital waste and sewage treatment facilities is linked to the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Conventional water treatment methods prove ineffective, prompting the use of alternative techniques like photolysis, reverse osmosis, UV-degradation, bio-degradation, and nano-filtration. However, commercial implementation faces challenges such as incomplete removal, toxic sludge generation, high costs, and the need for skilled personnel. Research gaps include the need to comprehensively identify and understand various types of pharmaceutically active micropollutants, investigate their long-term ecological impact, develop more sensitive monitoring techniques, and explore integrated treatment approaches. Additionally, there is a gap in understanding the socio-economic implications of pharmaceutical pollution and the efficacy of public awareness campaigns. Future research should delve into alternative strategies like phagotherapy, vaccines, and natural substance substitutes to address the escalating threat of pharmaceutical pollution.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: Frontiers Media S.A
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1664-302X
    EISSN: 1664-302X
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1339469
    PMID: 38419628
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    PubMed Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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