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Examining implicit metacognition in 3.5-year-old children: an eye-tracking and pupillometric study

Frontiers in psychology, 2013, Vol.4, p.145-145 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2013 Paulus, Proust and Sodian. 2013 ;ISSN: 1664-1078 ;EISSN: 1664-1078 ;DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00145 ;PMID: 23526709

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  • Title:
    Examining implicit metacognition in 3.5-year-old children: an eye-tracking and pupillometric study
  • Author: Paulus, Markus ; Proust, Joelle ; Sodian, Beate
  • Subjects: cognitive development ; explicit knowledge ; Implicit Measures ; metacognition ; Preschool children ; Psychology
  • Is Part Of: Frontiers in psychology, 2013, Vol.4, p.145-145
  • Description: The current study examined early signs of implicit metacognitive monitoring in 3.5-year-old children. During a learning phase children had to learn paired associates. In the test phase, children performed a recognition task and choose the correct associate for a given target among four possible answers. Subsequently, children's explicit confidence judgments (CJs) and their fixation time allocation at the confidence scale were assessed. Analyses showed that explicit CJs did not differ for remembered compared to non-remembered items. In contrast, children's fixation patterns on the confidence scale were affected by the correctness of their memory, as children looked longer to high confidence ratings when they correctly remembered the associated item. Moreover, analyses of pupil size revealed pupil dilations for correctly remembered, but not incorrectly remembered items. The results converge with recent behavioral findings that reported evidence for implicit metacognitive memory monitoring processes in 3.5-year-old children. The study suggests that implicit metacognitive abilities might precede the development of explicit metacognitive knowledge.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: Frontiers Media S.A
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1664-1078
    EISSN: 1664-1078
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00145
    PMID: 23526709
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    PubMed Central
    Directory of Open Access Journals
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
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