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Direct versus Indirect Well-Being Measures: Using Partially Structured Stimuli to Evaluate Well-Being

Journal of happiness studies, 2021-08, Vol.22 (6), p.2575-2598 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Springer Nature B.V. 2020 ;Springer Nature B.V. 2020. ;ISSN: 1389-4978 ;EISSN: 1573-7780 ;DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00332-7

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  • Title:
    Direct versus Indirect Well-Being Measures: Using Partially Structured Stimuli to Evaluate Well-Being
  • Author: Bajo, Miriam ; Stavraki, Maria ; Blanco, Amalio ; Díaz, Darío
  • Subjects: Economics ; Life satisfaction ; Personality and Social Psychology ; Philosophy ; Positive Psychology ; Quality of Life Research ; Research Paper ; Social comparison ; Social desirability ; Social Sciences ; Stimuli ; Validity ; Well being
  • Is Part Of: Journal of happiness studies, 2021-08, Vol.22 (6), p.2575-2598
  • Description: Given the important limitations of direct (explicit) measures, the study of indirect (implicit) measures of psychological constructs has received increased attention of social researchers. However, in the field of well-being the measures that have traditionally been used have tried to capture people’s well-being in an explicit and direct way, with some exceptions that are based mainly on adaptations of the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Given the critics that the IAT has received, the first aim of the present research was to develop a new life satisfaction measure using partially structured stimuli (PSWBS). The second goal was to examine the relation between direct and indirect well-being measures. In the first study, PSWBS showed good internal consistency, test–retest reliability and construct validity. Factorial analyses indicated that this measure acted as an indirect measure. In addition, direct and indirect well-being showed a significant but weak relation. To explain this result, in a second study we analyzed the moderating role of social comparison orientation on the relation between direct and indirect well-being measures. As expected, more social comparison tendency implied a stronger relation. In a third study we analyzed the criterion validity of both kind of measures. The PSWBS, the Personal Wellbeing Index-Adults and the Satisfaction With Life Scale significantly correlated with a criterion validity coefficient in terms of a semi-structured interview made by an external experimenter. Finally, in a fourth experiment we analyzed the influence of social desirability on direct and indirect measures of well-being. In contexts of high desirability, partially structured stimuli seemed to be more resistant to response factors (e.g., control of impressions) than traditional direct measures.
  • Publisher: Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1389-4978
    EISSN: 1573-7780
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00332-7
  • Source: ProQuest One Psychology
    ProQuest Central
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