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Genomic Comparison of Campylobacter spp. and Their Potential for Zoonotic Transmission between Birds, Primates, and Livestock

Applied and environmental microbiology, 2016-12, Vol.82 (24), p.7165-7175 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. ;Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 2016 American Society for Microbiology ;ISSN: 0099-2240 ;EISSN: 1098-5336 ;DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01746-16 ;PMID: 27736787 ;CODEN: AEMIDF

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Title:
Genomic Comparison of Campylobacter spp. and Their Potential for Zoonotic Transmission between Birds, Primates, and Livestock
Author: Weis, Allison M ; Storey, Dylan B ; Taff, Conor C ; Townsend, Andrea K ; Huang, Bihua C ; Kong, Nguyet T ; Clothier, Kristin A ; Spinner, Abigail ; Byrne, Barbara A ; Weimer, Bart C
Elkins, C. A.
Subjects: Animals ; Animals, Wild - microbiology ; Bird Diseases - microbiology ; Bird Diseases - transmission ; Birds ; Birds - microbiology ; Campylobacter - classification ; Campylobacter - genetics ; Campylobacter - isolation & purification ; Campylobacter - physiology ; Campylobacter Infections - microbiology ; Campylobacter Infections - transmission ; Campylobacter Infections - veterinary ; Cattle ; Disease transmission ; Gastrointestinal diseases ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genomics ; Genotype ; Genotype & phenotype ; Gram-negative bacteria ; Humans ; Livestock ; Livestock - microbiology ; Phylogeny ; Primate Diseases - microbiology ; Primate Diseases - transmission ; Primates - microbiology ; Public and Environmental Health Microbiology ; Sheep ; Zoonoses - microbiology ; Zoonoses - transmission
Is Part Of: Applied and environmental microbiology, 2016-12, Vol.82 (24), p.7165-7175
Description: Campylobacter is the leading cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Wild birds, including American crows, are abundant in urban, suburban, and agricultural settings and are likely zoonotic vectors of Campylobacter Their proximity to humans and livestock increases the potential spreading of Campylobacter via crows between the environment, livestock, and humans. However, no studies have definitively demonstrated that crows are a vector for pathogenic Campylobacter We used genomics to evaluate the zoonotic and pathogenic potential of Campylobacter from crows to other animals with 184 isolates obtained from crows, chickens, cows, sheep, goats, humans, and nonhuman primates. Whole-genome analysis uncovered two distinct clades of Campylobacter jejuni genotypes; the first contained genotypes found only in crows, while a second genotype contained "generalist" genomes that were isolated from multiple host species, including isolates implicated in human disease, primate gastroenteritis, and livestock abortion. Two major β-lactamase genes were observed frequently in these genomes (oxa-184, 55%, and oxa-61, 29%), where oxa-184 was associated only with crows and oxa-61 was associated with generalists. Mutations in gyrA, indicative of fluoroquinolone resistance, were observed in 14% of the isolates. Tetracycline resistance (tetO) was present in 22% of the isolates, yet it occurred in 91% of the abortion isolates. Virulence genes were distributed throughout the genomes; however, cdtC alleles recapitulated the crow-only and generalist clades. A specific cdtC allele was associated with abortion in livestock and was concomitant with tetO These findings indicate that crows harboring a generalist C. jejuni genotype may act as a vector for the zoonotic transmission of Campylobacter IMPORTANCE: This study examined the link between public health and the genomic variation of Campylobacter in relation to disease in humans, primates, and livestock. Use of large-scale whole-genome sequencing enabled population-level assessment to find new genes that are linked to livestock disease. With 184 Campylobacter genomes, we assessed virulence traits, antibiotic resistance susceptibility, and the potential for zoonotic transfer to observe that there is a "generalist" genotype that may move between host species.
Publisher: United States: American Society for Microbiology
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0099-2240
EISSN: 1098-5336
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01746-16
PMID: 27736787
CODEN: AEMIDF
Source: MEDLINE
PubMed Central

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Genomic Comparison of Campylobacter spp. and Their Potential for Zoonotic Transmission between Birds, Primates, and Livestock

Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. ;Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 2016 American Society for Microbiology ;ISSN: 0099-2240 ;EISSN: 1098-5336 ;DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01746-16 ;PMID: 27736787 ;CODEN: AEMIDF

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