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Lethal aggression in Pan is better explained by adaptive strategies than human impacts

Nature (London), 2014-09, Vol.513 (7518), p.414-417 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2014 Nature Publishing Group ;COPYRIGHT 2014 Nature Publishing Group ;Copyright Nature Publishing Group Sep 18, 2014 ;ISSN: 0028-0836 ;EISSN: 1476-4687 ;DOI: 10.1038/nature13727 ;PMID: 25230664 ;CODEN: NATUAS

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Title:
Lethal aggression in Pan is better explained by adaptive strategies than human impacts
Author: Wilson, Michael L ; Boesch, Christophe ; Fruth, Barbara ; Furuichi, Takeshi ; Gilby, Ian C ; Hashimoto, Chie ; Hobaiter, Catherine L ; Hohmann, Gottfried ; Itoh, Noriko ; Koops, Kathelijne ; Lloyd, Julia N ; Matsuzawa, Tetsuro ; Mitani, John C ; Mjungu, Deus C ; Morgan, David ; Muller, Martin N ; Mundry, Roger ; Nakamura, Michio ; Pruetz, Jill ; Pusey, Anne E ; Riedel, Julia ; Sanz, Crickette ; Schel, Anne M ; Simmons, Nicole ; Waller, Michel ; Watts, David P ; White, Frances ; Wittig, Roman M ; Zuberbühler, Klaus ; Wrangham, Richard W
Subjects: Adaptation (Biology) ; Africa ; Aggression - physiology ; Aggression - psychology ; Aggressive behavior in animals ; Aggressiveness ; Animal behavior ; Animals ; Animals, Wild - physiology ; Animals, Wild - psychology ; Behavior ; Behavior, Animal - physiology ; Chimpanzees ; Female ; Food ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Male ; Males ; Models, Biological ; Monkeys & apes ; Pan paniscus - physiology ; Pan paniscus - psychology ; Pan troglodytes - physiology ; Pan troglodytes - psychology ; Population Density ; Psychological aspects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal - physiology ; Studies ; Zoological research
Is Part Of: Nature (London), 2014-09, Vol.513 (7518), p.414-417
Description: Observations of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) provide valuable comparative data for understanding the significance of conspecific killing. Two kinds of hypothesis have been proposed. Lethal violence is sometimes concluded to be the result of adaptive strategies, such that killers ultimately gain fitness benefits by increasing their access to resources such as food or mates. Alternatively, it could be a non-adaptive result of human impacts, such as habitat change or food provisioning. To discriminate between these hypotheses we compiled information from 18 chimpanzee communities and 4 bonobo communities studied over five decades. Our data include 152 killings (n = 58 observed, 41 inferred, and 53 suspected killings) by chimpanzees in 15 communities and one suspected killing by bonobos. We found that males were the most frequent attackers (92% of participants) and victims (73%); most killings (66%) involved intercommunity attacks; and attackers greatly outnumbered their victims (median 8:1 ratio). Variation in killing rates was unrelated to measures of human impacts. Our results are compatible with previously proposed adaptive explanations for killing by chimpanzees, whereas the human impact hypothesis is not supported.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0028-0836
EISSN: 1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature13727
PMID: 25230664
CODEN: NATUAS
Source: ProQuest One Psychology
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
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Lethal aggression in Pan is better explained by adaptive strategies than human impacts

COPYRIGHT 2014 Nature Publishing Group ;COPYRIGHT 2014 Nature Publishing Group ;Copyright Nature Publishing Group Sep 18, 2014 ;ISSN: 0028-0836 ;EISSN: 1476-4687 ;DOI: 10.1038/nature13727 ;PMID: 25230664 ;CODEN: NATUAS

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