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Projected Impact of Mexico's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Modeling Study

PLoS medicine, 2016-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e1002158-e1002158 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science ;2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Sánchez-Romero LM, Penko J, Coxson PG, Fernández A, Mason A, Moran AE, et al. (2016) Projected Impact of Mexico's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Modeling Study. PLoS Med 13(11): e1002158. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002158 ;2016 Sánchez-Romero et al 2016 Sánchez-Romero et al ;2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Sánchez-Romero LM, Penko J, Coxson PG, Fernández A, Mason A, Moran AE, et al. (2016) Projected Impact of Mexico's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Modeling Study. PLoS Med 13(11): e1002158. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002158 ;ISSN: 1549-1676 ;ISSN: 1549-1277 ;EISSN: 1549-1676 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002158 ;PMID: 27802278

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Title:
Projected Impact of Mexico's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Modeling Study
Author: Sánchez-Romero, Luz Maria ; Penko, Joanne ; Coxson, Pamela G ; Fernández, Alicia ; Mason, Antoinette ; Moran, Andrew E ; Ávila-Burgos, Leticia ; Odden, Michelle ; Barquera, Simón ; Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten
Blakely, Tony
Subjects: Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Beverages ; Beverages - analysis ; Beverages - economics ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Compensation ; Computer Simulation ; Consumption ; Cost control ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - chemically induced ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology ; Dietary Sucrose - adverse effects ; Dietary Sucrose - economics ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Health aspects ; Health Care Costs ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Incidence ; Internal medicine ; Laws, regulations and rules ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mexico - epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Mortality ; Nutrition ; Obesity ; People and Places ; Prevalence ; Prevention ; Price elasticity ; Public health ; Risk Factors ; Software ; Studies ; Sweetening Agents - adverse effects ; Sweetening Agents - economics ; Taxation ; Taxes - economics
Is Part Of: PLoS medicine, 2016-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e1002158-e1002158
Description: Rates of diabetes in Mexico are among the highest worldwide. In 2014, Mexico instituted a nationwide tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in order to reduce the high level of SSB consumption, a preventable cause of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used an established computer simulation model of CVD and country-specific data on demographics, epidemiology, SSB consumption, and short-term changes in consumption following the SSB tax in order to project potential long-range health and economic impacts of SSB taxation in Mexico. We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model-Mexico, a state transition model of Mexican adults aged 35-94 y, to project the potential future effects of reduced SSB intake on diabetes incidence, CVD events, direct diabetes healthcare costs, and mortality over 10 y. Model inputs included short-term changes in SSB consumption in response to taxation (price elasticity) and data from government and market research surveys and public healthcare institutions. Two main scenarios were modeled: a 10% reduction in SSB consumption (corresponding to the reduction observed after tax implementation) and a 20% reduction in SSB consumption (possible with increases in taxation levels and/or additional measures to curb consumption). Given uncertainty about the degree to which Mexicans will replace calories from SSBs with calories from other sources, we evaluated a range of values for calorie compensation. We projected that a 10% reduction in SSB consumption with 39% calorie compensation among Mexican adults would result in about 189,300 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 155,400-218,100) fewer incident type 2 diabetes cases, 20,400 fewer incident strokes and myocardial infarctions, and 18,900 fewer deaths occurring from 2013 to 2022. This scenario predicts that the SSB tax could save Mexico 983 million international dollars (95% UI $769 million-$1,173 million). The largest relative and absolute reductions in diabetes and CVD events occurred in the youngest age group modeled (35-44 y). This study's strengths include the use of an established mathematical model of CVD and use of contemporary Mexican vital statistics, data from health surveys, healthcare costs, and SSB price elasticity estimates as well as probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses to account for uncertainty. The limitations of the study include reliance on US-based studies for certain inputs where Mexico-specific data were lacking (specifically the associations between risk factors and CVD outcomes [from the Framingham Heart Study] and SSB calorie compensation assumptions), limited data on healthcare costs other than those related to diabetes, and lack of information on long-term SSB price elasticity that is specific to geographic and economic subgroups. Mexico's high diabetes prevalence represents a public health crisis. While the long-term impact of Mexico's SSB tax is not yet known, these projections, based on observed consumption reductions, suggest that Mexico's SSB tax may substantially decrease morbidity and mortality from diabetes and CVD while reducing healthcare costs.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1549-1676
ISSN: 1549-1277
EISSN: 1549-1676
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002158
PMID: 27802278
Source: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Freely Accessible Journals
PubMed (Medline)
PLoS (Open access)
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
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Projected Impact of Mexico's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policy on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Modeling Study

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